Book Image

LLVM Essentials

By : Mayur Pandey, Suyog Sarda, David Farago
Book Image

LLVM Essentials

By: Mayur Pandey, Suyog Sarda, David Farago

Overview of this book

LLVM is currently the point of interest for many firms, and has a very active open source community. It provides us with a compiler infrastructure that can be used to write a compiler for a language. It provides us with a set of reusable libraries that can be used to optimize code, and a target-independent code generator to generate code for different backends. It also provides us with a lot of other utility tools that can be easily integrated into compiler projects. This book details how you can use the LLVM compiler infrastructure libraries effectively, and will enable you to design your own custom compiler with LLVM in a snap. We start with the basics, where you’ll get to know all about LLVM. We then cover how you can use LLVM library calls to emit intermediate representation (IR) of simple and complex high-level language paradigms. Moving on, we show you how to implement optimizations at different levels, write an optimization pass, generate code that is independent of a target, and then map the code generated to a backend. The book also walks you through CLANG, IR to IR transformations, advanced IR block transformations, and target machines. By the end of this book, you’ll be able to easily utilize the LLVM libraries in your own projects.
Table of Contents (14 chapters)
LLVM Essentials
Credits
About the Authors
About the Reviewer
www.PacktPub.com
Preface
Index

Converting IR to selectionDAG


An IR instruction can be represented by an SDAG node. The whole set of instructions thus forms an interconnected directed acyclic graph, with each node corresponding to an IR instruction.

For example, consider the following LLVM IR:

$ cat test.ll
define i32 @test(i32 %a, i32 %b, i32 %c) {
%add = add nsw i32 %a, %b
%div = sdiv i32 %add, %c
ret i32 %div
}

LLVM provides a SelectionDAGBuilder interface to create DAG nodes corresponding to IR instructions. Consider the binary operation:

 %add = add nsw i32 %a, %b

The following function is called when the given IR is encountered:

void SelectionDAGBuilder::visit(unsigned Opcode, const User &I) {
  // Note: this doesn't use InstVisitor, because it has to work with
  // ConstantExpr's in addition to instructions.
  switch (Opcode) {
  default: llvm_unreachable("Unknown instruction type encountered!");
    // Build the switch statement using the Instruction.def file.
#define HANDLE_INST(NUM, OPCODE, CLASS) \
    case...