Python rocks!
From the earliest version in the late 1980s to the current version, it has evolved with the same philosophy: providing a multiparadigm programming language with readability and productivity in mind.
People used to see Python as yet another scripting language and wouldn't feel right about using it to build large systems. However, over the years and thanks to some pioneer companies, it became obvious that Python could be used to build almost any kind of system.
In fact, many developers that come from another language are charmed by Python and make it their language of choice.
This is something you are probably aware of if you have bought this book, so there's no need to convince you about the merits of the language any further.
This book is written to express many years of experience of building all kinds of applications with Python, from small system scripts done in a couple of hours to very large applications written by dozens of developers over several years.
It describes the best practices used by developers when working with Python.
This book covers some topics that do not focus on the language itself but rather on the tools and techniques used to work with it.
In other words, this book describes how an advanced Python developer works every day.
Chapter 1, Current Status of Python, showcases the current state of the Python language and its community. It shows how Python is constantly changing, why it is changing, and also why these facts are important for anyone who wants to call themselves a Python professional. This chapter also features the most popular and canonical ways of working in Python—popular productivity tools and conventions that are de facto standards now.
Chapter 2, Syntax Best Practices – below the Class Level, presents iterators, generators, descriptors, and so on, in an advanced way. It also covers useful notes about Python idioms and internal CPython types implementations with their computational complexities as a rationale for showcased idioms.
Chapter 3, Syntax Best Practices – above the Class Level, explains syntax best practices, but focuses above the class level. It covers more advanced object-oriented concepts and mechanisms available in Python. This knowledge is required in order to understand the last section of the chapter, which presents different approaches to metaprogramming in Python.
Chapter 4, Choosing Good Names, involves choosing good names. It is an extension to PEP 8 with naming best practices, but also gives tips on designing good APIs.
Chapter 5, Writing a Package, explains how to create the Python package and which tools to use in order to properly distribute it on the official Python Package Index or any other package repository. Information about packages is supplemented with a brief review of the tools that allow you to create standalone executables from Python sources.
Chapter 6, Deploying Code, aims mostly at Python web developers and backend engineers, because it deals with code deployments. It explains how Python applications should be built in order to be easily deployed to remote servers and what tools you can use in order to automate that process. This chapter dovetails with Chapter 5, Writing a Package, because it shows how packages and private package repositories can be used to streamline your application deployments.
Chapter 7, Python Extensions in Other Languages, explains why writing C extensions for Python might be a good solution sometimes. It also shows that it is not as hard as it seems to be as long as the proper tools are used.
Chapter 8, Managing Code, gives some insight into how a project code base can be managed and explains how to set up various continuous development processes.
Chapter 9, Documenting Your Project, covers documentation and provides tips on technical writing and how Python projects should be documented.
Chapter 10, Test-Driven Development, explains the basic principles of test-driven development and the tools that can be used in this development methodology.
Chapter 11, Optimization – General Principles and Profiling Techniques, explains optimization. It provides profiling techniques and an optimization strategy guideline.
Chapter 12, Optimization – Some Powerful Techniques, extends Chapter 11, Optimization – General Principles and Profiling Techniques, by providing some common solutions to the performance problems that are often found in Python programs.
Chapter 13, Concurrency, introduces the vast topic of concurrency in Python. It explains what concurrency is, when it might be necessary to write concurrent applications, and what are the main approaches to concurrency for Python programmers.
Chapter 14, Useful Design Patterns, concludes the book with a set of useful design patterns and example implementations in Python.
This book is written for developers who work under any operating system for which Python 3 is available.
This is not a book for beginners, so I assume you have Python installed in your environment or know how to install it. Anyway, this book takes into account the fact that not everyone needs to be fully aware of the latest Python features or officially recommended tools. This is why the first chapter provides a recap of common utilities (such as virtual environments and pip) that are now considered standard tools of professional Python developers.
This book is written for Python developers who wish to go further in mastering Python. And by developers I mean mostly professionals, so programmers who write software in Python for a living. This is because it focuses mostly on tools and practices that are crucial for creating performant, reliable, and maintainable software in Python.
It does not mean that hobbyists won't find anything interesting. This book should be great for anyone who is interested in learning advance-level concepts with Python. Anyone who has basic Python skills should be able to follow the content of the book, although it might require some additional effort from less experienced programmers. It should also be a good introduction to Python 3.5 for those who are still a bit behind and continue to use Python in version 2.7 or older.
Finally, the groups that should benefit most from reading this book are web developers and backend engineers. This is because of two topics featured in here that are especially important in their areas of work: reliable code deployments and concurrency.
In this book, you will find a number of text styles that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles and an explanation of their meaning.
Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: "Use the str.encode(encoding, errors) method, which encodes the string using a registered codec for encoding."
A block of code is set as follows:
[print("hello world")
print "goodbye python2"When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:
cdef long long fibonacci_cc(unsigned int n) nogil:
if n < 2:
return n
else:
return fibonacci_cc(n - 1) + fibonacci_cc(n - 2)Any command-line input or output is written as follows:
$ pip show pip --- Metadata-Version: 2.0 Name: pip Version: 7.1.2 Summary: The PyPA recommended tool for installing Python packages. Home-page: https://pip.pypa.io/ Author: The pip developers Author-email: [email protected] License: MIT Location: /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages Requires:
New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, for example, in menus or dialog boxes, appear in the text like this: "Clicking the Next button moves you to the next screen."
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