Book Image

Learn Type-Driven Development

By : Yawar Amin, Kamon Ayeva
Book Image

Learn Type-Driven Development

By: Yawar Amin, Kamon Ayeva

Overview of this book

Type-driven development is an approach that uses a static type system to achieve results including safety and efficiency. Types are used to express relationships and other assumptions directly in the code, and these assumptions are enforced by the compiler before the code is run. Learn Type-Driven Development covers how to use these type systems to check the logical consistency of your code. This book begins with the basic idea behind type-driven development. You’ll learn about values (or terms) and how they contrast with types. As you progress through the chapters, you’ll cover how to combine types and values inside modules and build structured types out of simpler ones. You’ll then understand how to express choices or alternatives directly in the type system using variants, polymorphic variants, and generalized algebraic data types. You’ll also get to grips with sum types, build sophisticated data types from generics, and explore functions that express change in the types of values. In the concluding chapters, you’ll cover advanced techniques for code reuse, such as parametric polymorphism and subtyping. By end of this book, you will have learned how to iterate through a type-driven process of solving coding problems using static types, together with dynamic behavior, to obtain more safety and speed.
Table of Contents (12 chapters)

Grouping Values Together in Types

In the previous chapter, we saw a way to group types and values together so that they can be accessed under a single namespace, and we saw how these namespaces (modules) themselves have types. Modules are not, however, convenient for passing around values during runtime. We need a lightweight way to build more structured types out of simpler types, to model real-world problems.

In this chapter, we will cover these structured types, specifically:

  • Record types
  • Tuple types
  • Object types
  • JavaScript object types

Collectively, these types are referred to as product types because the number of possible values a product type can contain is the product of the number of possible values each of its component types can contain. This is an interesting result in type theory, and it gives us a hint to the fact that types obey certain algebraic laws. I will...