Fetching the Code
As we discussed in the previous chapter, in distributed version control, the code base is hosted at a central point from which contributors can retrieve the code, make local changes to the code base on their computers, and publish the changes to the central host.
To develop a sound grasp of the distributed fashion in which Git implements version control, we will look at some terms that are commonly used to describe the link between the code that is modified locally and the source code that is hosted on GitHub:
Upstream
Upstream refers to the hosted repository. This is the repository (and the subsequent branch that is hosted on GitHub) from which contributors can clone the repository to their local environments, make changes, and publish changes to it.
In regard to forking, upstream refers to the repository that originates from a forked repository. This is the repository from which you create a fork to your account.
Downstream
This refers to the repository...