Book Image

Build Your Own Programming Language

By : Clinton L. Jeffery
Book Image

Build Your Own Programming Language

By: Clinton L. Jeffery

Overview of this book

The need for different types of computer languages is growing rapidly and developers prefer creating domain-specific languages for solving specific application domain problems. Building your own programming language has its advantages. It can be your antidote to the ever-increasing size and complexity of software. In this book, you’ll start with implementing the frontend of a compiler for your language, including a lexical analyzer and parser. The book covers a series of traversals of syntax trees, culminating with code generation for a bytecode virtual machine. Moving ahead, you’ll learn how domain-specific language features are often best represented by operators and functions that are built into the language, rather than library functions. We’ll conclude with how to implement garbage collection, including reference counting and mark-and-sweep garbage collection. Throughout the book, Dr. Jeffery weaves in his experience of building the Unicon programming language to give better context to the concepts where relevant examples are provided in both Unicon and Java so that you can follow the code of your choice of either a very high-level language with advanced features, or a mainstream language. By the end of this book, you’ll be able to build and deploy your own domain-specific languages, capable of compiling and running programs.
Table of Contents (25 chapters)
1
Section 1: Programming Language Frontends
7
Section 2: Syntax Tree Traversals
13
Section 3: Code Generation and Runtime Systems
21
Section 4: Appendix

Introducing the x64 instruction set

This section provides a brief overview of the x64 instruction set, but you are encouraged to consult Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) or Intel's architecture programmer's manuals. Douglas Thain's book Introduction to Compilers and Language Design, available at http://compilerbook.org, has helpful x64 material.

x64 is a complex instruction set with many backward-compatibility features. This chapter covers the subset of x64 that is used to build a basic Jzero code generator. We are using AT&T assembler syntax so that our generated output can be converted into binary object file format by the GNU assembler. This is for the sake of multiplatform portability.

x64 has hundreds of instructions with names such as ADD for addition or MOV to copy a value to a new location. When an instruction has two operands, at most one may be a reference to main memory. x64 instructions can have a suffix to indicate how many bytes are being read or...