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Writing API Tests with Karate

By : Benjamin Bischoff

5 (8)

Writing API Tests with Karate

5 (8)

By: Benjamin Bischoff

Overview of this book

Software in recent years is moving away from centralized systems and monoliths to smaller, scalable components that communicate with each other through APIs. Testing these communication interfaces is becoming increasingly important to ensure the security, performance, and extensibility of the software. A powerful tool to achieve safe and robust applications is Karate, an easy-to-use, and powerful software testing framework. In this book, you’ll work with different modules of karate to get tailored solutions for modern test challenges. You’ll be exploring interface testing, UI testing as well as performance testing. By the end of this book, you’ll be able to use the Karate framework in your software development lifecycle to make your APIs and applications robust and trustworthy.

Preface

Preface

Who this book is for

What this book covers

To get the most out of this book

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Conventions used

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Part 1:Karate Basics

Part 1:Karate Basics

Free Chapter

Chapter 1: Introducing Karate’s Core Concepts

Chapter 1: Introducing Karate’s Core Concepts

Technical requirements

What makes Karate stand out?

BDD versus Karate

Supported data types in Karate

The JavaScript engine

Java interoperability

Summary

Chapter 2: Setting up Your Karate Project

Chapter 2: Setting up Your Karate Project

Technical requirements

Installing Java

Getting to know Karate standalone

Preparing the IDE

Setting up Karate projects with Maven

The roles of the different Karate project files

Summary

Chapter 3: Writing Basic Karate Tests

Chapter 3: Writing Basic Karate Tests

Technical requirements

Exploring the API under test

Creating a new Karate project

Calling endpoints and setting parameters

Matching status codes and responses

Using assertions and matchers on the response

Making requests with payloads

Using variables and data tables

Using data tables

Summary

Chapter 4: Running Karate Tests

Chapter 4: Running Karate Tests

Technical requirements

Running and debugging Karate tests through the IDE

Running tests with Maven

Running tests against different environments

Running specific tests

Filtering tests by tags

Summary

Chapter 5: Reporting and Logging

Chapter 5: Reporting and Logging

Technical requirements

Configuring log options

Using Karate’s built-in reports

Configuring third-party report libraries

Generating a Surefire report

Using JUnit reports

Summary

Part 2:Advanced Karate Functionalities

Part 2:Advanced Karate Functionalities

Chapter 6: More Advanced Karate Features

Chapter 6: More Advanced Karate Features

Technical requirements

Working with headers and cookies

Using different configuration and run options

Defining and using expressions with def

Working with external files

Understanding JSONPath and XPath

Testing GraphQL

Summary

Chapter 7: Customizing and Optimizing Karate Tests

Chapter 7: Customizing and Optimizing Karate Tests

Technical requirements

Using Karate hooks

Defining and calling Java functions

Using Karate as a mock server

Making your tests more concise

Summary

Chapter 8: Karate in Docker and CI/CD pipelines

Chapter 8: Karate in Docker and CI/CD pipelines

Technical requirements

Triggering Karate tests from shell scripts

Running Karate tests in a Docker container

Customizing our tests

Integrating Karate tests into GitHub workflows

Summary

Chapter 9: Karate UI for Browser Testing

Chapter 9: Karate UI for Browser Testing

Technical requirements

What Karate UI is for

Writing a basic Chrome scenario

Finding and interacting with elements

Debugging UI tests

Redirecting HTTP calls

Summary

Chapter 10: Performance Testing with Karate Gatling

Chapter 10: Performance Testing with Karate Gatling

Technical requirements

What is Gatling?

Setting up Karate Gatling

Running Karate tests as performance tests

Checking out Gatling reports

Summary

Index

Index

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Matching status codes and responses

In the last output, we saw that we get a status code of 200 (also known as OK). This means the request was successful. Let’s add a step to verify this.

Matching the status code and type

If you want to match a simple status code, this is done via the status keyword like this:

Scenario: Checking user specific posts
    Given url 'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts'
    When method get
    Then status 200

We use the Then keyword here to indicate that this is an assertion. At this point, we can run the test (which should pass).

Status codes

For a complete list of HTTP status codes, see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Status.

It is a good idea to deliberately make it fail once to verify that this test would not give us a false positive result in an error case.

Making the test fail

Let’s change the status code to the...

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