Book Image

Quantum Computing in Practice with Qiskit® and IBM Quantum Experience®

By : Hassi Norlen
5 (1)
Book Image

Quantum Computing in Practice with Qiskit® and IBM Quantum Experience®

5 (1)
By: Hassi Norlen

Overview of this book

IBM Quantum Experience® is a leading platform for programming quantum computers and implementing quantum solutions directly on the cloud. This book will help you get up to speed with programming quantum computers and provide solutions to the most common problems and challenges. You’ll start with a high-level overview of IBM Quantum Experience® and Qiskit®, where you will perform the installation while writing some basic quantum programs. This introduction puts less emphasis on the theoretical framework and more emphasis on recent developments such as Shor’s algorithm and Grover’s algorithm. Next, you’ll delve into Qiskit®, a quantum information science toolkit, and its constituent packages such as Terra, Aer, Ignis, and Aqua. You’ll cover these packages in detail, exploring their benefits and use cases. Later, you’ll discover various quantum gates that Qiskit® offers and even deconstruct a quantum program with their help, before going on to compare Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) and Universal Fault-Tolerant quantum computing using simulators and actual hardware. Finally, you’ll explore quantum algorithms and understand how they differ from classical algorithms, along with learning how to use pre-packaged algorithms in Qiskit® Aqua. By the end of this quantum computing book, you’ll be able to build and execute your own quantum programs using IBM Quantum Experience® and Qiskit® with Python.
Table of Contents (12 chapters)

Building our circuits with the basis gates – U1, U2, U3, and ID

Let's begin by exploring three of the gates that we recognize from Chapter 5, Touring the IBM Quantum® Hardware with Qiskit®. You will not be using these three basis gates, U1, U2, and U3, in your quantum programs. However, they serve as building blocks for all other single-qubit gates when you run your circuits on a quantum computer. In fact, every other single-qubit gate can be written using just the U3 gate. There is nothing explicitly stopping you from using them, but the gate collection that we will go through in the rest of the recipes covers all the ground that we need.

The U gates are not their own inverses

As the U gates perform free rotations around the x, y, and z axes, they are generally not reversible. Adding two of these gates in a row does not negate them unless the rotations add up to complete rotations. For a quick reminder, see the A quick introduction to quantum...