Book Image

The C++ Standard Library - Second Edition

By : Rainer Grimm
Book Image

The C++ Standard Library - Second Edition

By: Rainer Grimm

Overview of this book

Standard template library enables programmers to speed up application development using the built-in data structures and algorithms in their codes. The C++ Standard Library is a comprehensive guide to the updated library of classes, algorithms, functions, iterators, and containers and serves as the best reference to the current C++ 17 standard. Starting with the introduction and history of the standard library, this book goes on to demonstrate how quickly you can manipulate various C++ template classes while writing your applications. You'll also learn in detail the four types of STL components. Then you'll discover the best methods to analyze or modify a string. You'll also learn how to make your application communicate with the outside world using input and output streams and how to use the non-owning string objects with regular strings. By the end of this book, you'll be able to take your programming skills to a higher level by leveraging the standard C++ libraries.
Table of Contents (19 chapters)
Free Chapter
1
Reader Testimonials
8
6. Adaptors for Containers
19
Index

Random Numbers

Random numbers are necessary for many domains, e.g., to test software, to generate cryptographic keys or for computer games. The random number facility of C++ consists of two components. There is the generation of the random numbers, and there is the distribution of these random numbers. Both components need the header <random>.

Random number generator

The random number generator generates a random number stream between a minimum and maximum value. This stream is initialized by a “so-called” seed, guaranteeing different sequences of random numbers.

#include <random>
...
std::random_device seed;
std::mt19937 generator(seed());

A random number generator gen of type Generator supports four different requests:

Generator::result_type
Data type of the generated random number.
gen()
Returns a random number.
gen.min()
Returns the minimum random number that can be returned by gen().
gen.max()
Returns the maximum random number...