Android is an open source Linux-based operating system, which was first developed by Android Inc. in 2003. Then in 2005 it was acquired by Google and was unveiled in 2007. The Android operating system, like most operating systems, consists of a stack of software components roughly divided into four main layers and five main sections, as shown in the following diagram (source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Android-System-Architecture.svg). Each layer provides different services to the preceding layer:
The lowest layer is the Linux Kernel layer, which was edited by Google to make some changes, such as the addition of the Flash filesystem (YAFFS2). The entire Android OS is built on top of this layer. This layer contains all the essential drivers to ensure the interaction between device hardware and the upper layers. The Linux Kernel is an abstract layer between the hardware and the software (all other layers...