Local file exploits or vulnerabilities allow us to read any file that is within the same server as the vulnerability; even if the file exists outside the /var/www directory, we'll be able to read the information within it.
A vulnerability is critical because we can read any files, such as important files or password files. Also, if there are a number of websites on the same server and we managed to find a website that we're not targeting, then we might be able to access files related to the website that we're targeting and then further exploit the website from there.
We are going to exploit the vulnerability through the URL. So, usually in our code execution examples, we write the code in the textbox. Sometimes, we might find the code vulnerability in the URL, which will have keywords such as cmd.
The same old process continues...