This section is an introduction to Docker for newcomers, and can be used as a refresher for others. We'll see how to quickly use Docker to achieve some tasks such as executing an Ubuntu container or networked webserver, sharing data with a container, building an image, and accessing a registry other than the default one.
We'll quickly manipulate Docker, so we're up and running with some basic usage.
To execute /bin/bash in an Ubuntu container, tag 16.04 (ubuntu:16.04). Our environment will be interactive (use -i) and we want a pseudo-terminal to be allocated (use -t). We want the container to be destroyed afterwards (use --rm):
$ docker run -it --rm ubuntu:16.04 /bin/bash root@d372dba0ab90:/# hostname d372dba0ab90
We've run our first container! Now do whatever you want with it. Quitting it destroys it and its content is lost forever...