Throughout the book, we will be working on Linux Mint, and this will include the creation and editing of the scripts. You, of course, can choose the way you wish to edit your scripts and may prefer to make use of a graphical editor, so we will show some settings in gedit. We will make one excursion into a Red Hat system to show screenshots of gedit in this chapter.

Also, we will use Visual Studio Code as a modern GUI editor to edit and debug our scripts.

To help make the command-line editor easier to use, we can enable options and we can persist with these options through hidden configuration files. Gedit and other GUI editors, and their menus, will provide similar functionality.

Editing the command line is often a must and is part of a developer's everyday life. Setting up common options that make life easier in the editor give us the reliability and consistency we need, a little like scripting itself. We will set some useful options in the vi or vim editor file, $HOME/.vimrc.

The options we set are detailed in the following list:

• set showmode: Ensures we see when we are in insert mode
• set nohlsearch: Does not highlight the words that we have searched for
• set autoindent: We indent our code often; this allows us to return to the last indent level rather than the start of a new line on each line break
• set tabstop=4: Sets a tab to be four spaces
• set expandtab: Converts tabs to spaces, which is useful when the file moves to other systems
• syntax on: Note that this does not use the set command and is used to turn on syntax highlighting

When these options are set, the $HOME/.vimrc file should look similar to this:

set showmode 
set nohlsearch 
set autoindent 
set tabstop=4 
set expandtab 
syntax on 

The nano text editor is increasing in importance and it is the default editor in many systems. Personally, I don't like the navigation or the lack of navigation features that it has. It can be customized in the same way as vim. This time, we will edit the $HOME/.nanorc file. Your edited file should look something like the following:

set autoindent 
set tabsize 4 
include /usr/share/nano/sh.nanorc 

The last line enables syntax highlighting for shell scripts.

Graphical editors, such as gedit, can be configured using the preferences menu, and are pretty straightforward.

Enabling tab spacing to be set to 4 spaces and expanding tabs to spaces can be done using the Preferences | Editor tab, as shown in the following screenshot:

Another very useful feature is found on the Preferences | Plugins tab. Here, we can enable the Snippets plugin, which can be used to insert code samples. This is shown in the following screenshot:

For the rest of the book, we will be working on the command line and in vim; feel free to use the editor that you work with best. We have now laid the foundations to create good scripts, and, although whitespace, tabs, and spaces in bash scripts are not significant, a well-laid-out file with consistent spacing is easy to read. When we look at Python later in the book, you will realize that in some languages, the whitespace is significant to the language and it is better to adopt good habits early on.