Microservice is an architecture style and pattern in which complex systems are decomposed into smaller services that work together to form larger business services. Microservices are services that are autonomous, self-contained, and independently deployable. In today's world, many enterprises use microservices as the default standard for building large, service-oriented enterprise applications.
The Spring framework is a popular programming framework with the developer community for many years. Spring Boot removed the need to have a heavyweight application container and provided a means to deploy lightweight, server-less applications. Spring Cloud combines many Netflix OSS components and provides an ecosystem to run and manage large-scale microservices. It provides capabilities such as load balancing, service registry, monitoring, service gateway, and so on.
However, microservices come with their own challenges, such as monitoring, managing, distributing, scaling, discovering, and so on, especially when deploying at scale. Adopting microservices without addressing the common microservices challenges would lead to catastrophic results. The most important part of this book is a technology-agnostic microservice capability model that helps address all the common microservice challenges.
The goal of this book is to enlighten readers with a pragmatic approach and guidelines for implementing responsive microservices at scale. This book will take readers on a deep dive into Spring Boot, Spring Cloud, Docker, Mesos, and Marathon. Readers of this book will understand how Spring Boot is used to deploy autonomous services server-less by removing the need to have a heavyweight application server. Readers will learn different Spring Cloud capabilities and also realize the use of Docker for containerization and of Mesos and Marathon for compute resource abstraction and cluster-wide control, respectively.
I am sure readers will enjoy each and every section of this book. Also, I honestly believe that this book adds tremendous value by successfully conceiving microservices in your business. Throughout this book, I have used practical aspects of microservices implementation by providing a number of examples, including a case study from the travel domain. In the end, you will have learned how to implement microservice architectures using the Spring framework, Spring Boot, and Spring Cloud. These are battle-tested, robust tools to develop and deploy scalable microservices. Written to the latest specifications of Spring, with the help of this book, you'll be able to build modern, Internet-scale Java applications in no time.
Chapter 1, Demystifying Microservices, gives you an introduction to microservices. This chapter covers the fundamental concepts of microservices, their evolution, and their relationship with service-oriented architecture, as well as the concepts of cloud native and Twelve-Factor applications.
Chapter 2, Building Microservices with Spring Boot, introduces building REST- and message-based microservices using the Spring framework and how to wrap them with Spring Boot. In addition, we will also explore some core capabilities of Spring Boot.
Chapter 3, Applying Microservices Concepts, explains the practical aspects of microservices implementation by detailing out the challenges that developers face with enterprise-grade microservices. This will also summarize the capabilities required to successfully manage a microservices ecosystem.
Chapter 4, Microservices Evolution – A Case Study, takes the readers into a real-world case study of microservices evolution by introducing BrownField Airline. Using the case study, this chapter explains how to apply the microservices concepts learned in previous chapters.
Chapter 5, Scaling Microservices with Spring Cloud, shows how to scale the previous example using Spring Cloud stack capabilities. It details out the architecture and different components of Spring Cloud and how they integrate together.
Chapter 6, Autoscaling Microservices, demonstrates the use of a simple life cycle manager to attain elasticity and the self-management of microservices by orchestrating services with service gateways. It explains how, in the real world, one can add intelligence to service gateways.
Chapter 7, Logging and Monitoring Microservices, covers the importance of logging and monitoring aspects when developing microservices. Here, we will go into the details of some of the best practices when using microservices such as centralized logging and monitoring capabilities using open source tools and how to integrate them with Spring projects.
Chapter 8, Containerizing Microservices with Docker, explains containerization concepts in the context of microservices. Using Mesos and Marathon, this chapter demonstrates a next-level implementation to replace a custom life cycle manager for large deployments.
Chapter 9, Managing Dockerized Microservices with Mesos and Marathon, explains the autoprovisioning and deployment of microservices. Here, you will also learn how to use Docker containers in the previous example for large-scale deployments.
Chapter 10, The Microservices Development Life Cycle, covers the process and practices of microservices development. The importance of DevOps and continuous delivery pipelines is also explained in this chapter.
Chapter 2, Building Microservices with Spring Boot, introduces Spring Boot, which requires the following software components to test the code:
JDK 1.8
Spring Tool Suite 3.7.2 (STS)
Maven 3.3.1
Spring Framework 4.2.6.RELEASE
Spring Boot 1.3.5.RELEASE
spring-boot-cli-1.3.5.RELEASE-bin.zipRabbitMQ 3.5.6
FakeSMTP
In Chapter 5, Scaling Microservices with Spring Cloud, you will learn about the Spring Cloud project. This requires the following software components in addition to the previously mentioned ones:
Spring Cloud Brixton.RELEASE
In Chapter 7, Logging and Monitoring Microservices, we will take a look at how centralized logging can be implemented for microservices. This requires the following software stack:
Elasticsearch 1.5.2
kibana-4.0.2-darwin-x64Logstash 2.1.2
In Chapter 8, Containerizing Microservices with Docker, we will demonstrate how we can use Docker for microservices deployments. This requires the following software components:
Docker version 1.10.1
Docker Hub
Chapter 9, Managing Dockerized Microservices with Mesos and Marathon, uses Mesos and Marathon to deploy dockerized microservices into an autoscalable cloud. The following software components are required for this purpose:
Mesos version 0.27.1
Docker version 1.6.2
Marathon version 0.15.3
This book is primarily for Spring developers who are looking to build cloud-ready Internet-scale applications to meet modern business demands. The book will help developers to understand what exactly microservices are and why they are important in today's world by examining a number of real-world use cases and hands-on code samples. Developers will understand how to build simple RESTful services and organically grow them to truly enterprise-grade microservices ecosystem.
This book will be interesting to architects who are seeking help on designing robust Internet-scale microservices using the Spring framework, Spring Boot, and Spring Cloud and managing them using Docker, Mesos, and Marathon. The capability model will help architects devise solutions even beyond the tools and technologies discussed in this book.
In this book, you will find a number of text styles that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles and an explanation of their meaning.
Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: "The following properties can be set in application.properties to customize application-related information."
A block of code is set as follows:
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.3.4.RELEASE</version>
</parent>When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:
eureka-server2.properties
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone:http://localhost:8761/eureka/
eureka.client.registerWithEureka:false
eureka.client.fetchRegistry:falseAny command-line input or output is written as follows:
$ java -jar fakeSMTP-2.0.jar
New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, for example, in menus or dialog boxes, appear in the text like this: "Click on the Make Request button."
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