Book Image

Learning TypeScript 2.x - Second Edition

By : Remo H. Jansen
Book Image

Learning TypeScript 2.x - Second Edition

By: Remo H. Jansen

Overview of this book

TypeScript is an open source and cross-platform statically typed superset of JavaScript that compiles to plain JavaScript and runs in any browser or host. This book is a step-by-step guide that will take you through the use and benefits of TypeScript with the help of practical examples. You will start off by understanding the basics as well as the new features of TypeScript 2.x. Then, you will learn how to work with functions and asynchronous programming APIs. You will continue by learning how to resolve runtime issues and how to implement TypeScript applications using the Object-oriented programming (OOP) and functional programming (FP) paradigms. Later, you will automate your development workflow with the help of tools such as Webpack. Towards the end of this book, you will delve into some real-world scenarios by implementing some full-stack TypeScript applications with Node.js, React and Angular as well as how to optimize and test them. Finally, you will be introduced to the internal APIs of the TypeScript compiler, and you will learn how to create custom code analysis tools.

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Table of Contents (17 chapters)
Preface
Preface
Who this book is for
What this book covers
To get the most out of this book
Get in touch
Free Chapter
1
Introducing TypeScript
Introducing TypeScript
The TypeScript architecture
TypeScript language features
Putting everything together
Summary
2
Working with Types
Working with Types
The TypeScript type system's characteristics
Core features of the TypeScript type system
Literal types
Advanced features of the TypeScript type system
Summary
3
Working with Functions
Working with Functions
Working with functions in TypeScript
Asynchronous programming in TypeScript
Summary
4
Object-Oriented Programming with TypeScript
Object-Oriented Programming with TypeScript
Classes
Abstract classes
Interfaces
SOLID principles, encapsulation, and polymorphism
Summary
5
Working with Dependencies
Working with Dependencies
Third-party dependencies
Internal modules (module and namespace)
External modules
Managing dependencies in OOP
Summary
6
Understanding the Runtime
Understanding the Runtime
The execution environment
Understanding the event loop
The this operator
Prototypes
Closures
Summary
7
Functional Programming with TypeScript
Functional Programming with TypeScript
FP concepts
FP techniques
Category theory
Real-world FP
Summary
8
Working with Decorators
Working with Decorators
Prerequisites
Annotations versus decorators
Summary
9
Automating Your Development Workflow
Automating Your Development Workflow
A modern development workflow
Prerequisites
Source control tools
Package management tools
The TypeScript compiler
Linting tools
Working with npm scripts
Gulp
Webpack
Webpack development server
Unit testing and test coverage
Visual Studio Code
ts-node
Continuous integration (CI) tools
Scaffolding tools
Why does the command line win?
Summary
10
Node.js Development with TypeScript
Node.js Development with TypeScript
Understanding Node.js
The Node.js ecosystem
Setting up Node.js
Node.js development
Summary
11
Frontend Development with React and TypeScript
Frontend Development with React and TypeScript
Working with React
Working with MobX
Development tools
Summary
12
Frontend Development with Angular and TypeScript
Frontend Development with Angular and TypeScript
Working with Angular
About the sample application
Serving an Angular application with Node.js
Bootstrapping an Angular application
Working with NgModules
Working with Angular components
Summary
13
Application Performance
Application Performance
Prerequisites
Performance and resources
Common performance metrics
Performance analysis
Performance automation
Exception handling
Summary
14
Application Testing
Application Testing
Testing terminology
Prerequisites
Testing methodologies
Tests plans and test types
The example application
Unit tests and integration tests with Mocha
End-to-end tests with Nightwatch.js
Summary
15
Working with the TypeScript Compiler and the Language Services
Working with the TypeScript Compiler and the Language Services
The TypeScript compiler's internal architecture
Understanding the abstract syntax tree (AST)
Implementing a yUML compiler
VS Code extensions
Summary
16
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The TypeScript compiler's internal architecture

In this section, we are going to learn what the main components in the TypeScript compiler are. We are going to learn the main responsibility of each of the components, as well as what their expected inputs and outputs are.

The following diagram describes the main components of the TypeScript architecture:

Components of the TypeScript architecture

The core TypeScript API is the foundation of everything, and is composed of elements such as the scanner, parser, binder, type checker, and emitter.

The language services and the standalone compiler (the tsc command-line tool) sit on top of the core compiler APIs. Finally, the Visual Studio shim and the TypeScript standalone server (tsserver) are designed to facilitate the integration of TypeScript with Visual Studio and other source code editors.

The official TypeScript documentation...

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