In this chapter, we began by building our student portal application that can be used to add students, view a list of students, add courses, view a list of courses that are available, register a student to a course, and to view all the registrations in the database. During this chapter, we built our own MVC framework. There are a lot of MVC frameworks that are already available; for any application development purpose, it is advised to use an existing MVC framework as it would be thoroughly tested and will have been extensively used by others. The MVC framework that we during this chapter should be used as a reference to understand the nuts and bolts of existing MVC frameworks. In the next chapter, we will go over common file operations and how PHP allows us to interact with files.