Book Image

Mastering PHP 7

By : Branko Ajzele
Book Image

Mastering PHP 7

By: Branko Ajzele

Overview of this book

PHP is a server-side scripting language that is widely used for web development. With this book, you will get a deep understanding of the advanced programming concepts in PHP and how to apply it practically The book starts by unveiling the new features of PHP 7 and walks you through several important standards set by PHP Framework Interop Group (PHP-FIG). You’ll see, in detail, the working of all magic methods, and the importance of effective PHP OOP concepts, which will enable you to write effective PHP code. You will find out how to implement design patterns and resolve dependencies to make your code base more elegant and readable. You will also build web services alongside microservices architecture, interact with databases, and work around third-party packages to enrich applications. This book delves into the details of PHP performance optimization. You will learn about serverless architecture and the reactive programming paradigm that found its way in the PHP ecosystem. The book also explores the best ways of testing your code, debugging, tracing, profiling, and deploying your PHP application. By the end of the book, you will be able to create readable, reliable, and robust applications in PHP to meet modern day requirements in the software industry.
Table of Contents (24 chapters)
Title Page
Credits
About the Author
About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
Customer Feedback
Preface
16
Debugging, Tracing, and Profiling

Using __clone()


The __clone() magic method is triggered on newly cloned objects, where cloning is done using the clone keyword. The method does not accept any parameters nor does it return any values, as per the following synopsis:

void __clone(void)

When it comes to object cloning, we tend to differentiate deep copy and shallow copy. Deep copy copies everything--all of the objects an object might point to. Shallow copy copies as little as possible, leaving the object references as references where possible. While shallow copy might come in handy as a protection against circular references, replicating all properties whether they are references or values is not always the desired behavior.

The following example demonstrates the implementation of the __clone() method and the use of the clone keyword:

<?php

class User
{
  public $identifier;

  public function __clone()
  {
    $this->identifier = null;
  }
}

$user = new User();
$user->identifier = 'john';

$user2 = clone $user;

var_dump...