Book Image

Django 3 Web Development Cookbook - Fourth Edition

By : Aidas Bendoraitis, Jake Kronika
Book Image

Django 3 Web Development Cookbook - Fourth Edition

By: Aidas Bendoraitis, Jake Kronika

Overview of this book

Django is a web framework for perfectionists with deadlines, designed to help you build manageable medium and large web projects in a short time span. This fourth edition of the Django Web Development Cookbook is updated with Django 3's latest features to guide you effectively through the development process. This Django book starts by helping you create a virtual environment and project structure for building Python web apps. You'll learn how to build models, views, forms, and templates for your web apps and then integrate JavaScript in your Django apps to add more features. As you advance, you'll create responsive multilingual websites, ready to be shared on social networks. The book will take you through uploading and processing images, rendering data in HTML5, PDF, and Excel, using and creating APIs, and navigating different data types in Django. You'll become well-versed in security best practices and caching techniques to enhance your website's security and speed. This edition not only helps you work with the PostgreSQL database but also the MySQL database. You'll also discover advanced recipes for using Django with Docker and Ansible in development, staging, and production environments. By the end of this book, you will have become proficient in using Django's powerful features and will be equipped to create robust websites.

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Table of Contents (15 chapters)
Preface
Preface
Who this book is for
What this book covers
To get the most out of this book
Sections
Get in touch
1
Getting Started with Django 3.0
Getting Started with Django 3.0
Introduction
Technical requirements
Working with a virtual environment
Creating a project file structure
Handling project dependencies with pip
Configuring settings for development, testing, staging, and production environments
Defining relative paths in the settings
Handling sensitive settings
Including external dependencies in your project
Setting up STATIC_URL dynamically
Setting UTF-8 as the default encoding for the MySQL configuration
Creating the Git ignore file
Deleting Python-compiled files
Respecting the import order in Python files
Creating an app configuration
Defining overwritable app settings
Working with Docker containers for Django, Gunicorn, Nginx, and PostgreSQL
Free Chapter
2
Models and Database Structure
Models and Database Structure
Introduction
Technical requirements
Using model mixins
Creating a model mixin with URL-related methods
Creating a model mixin to handle creation and modification dates
Creating a model mixin to take care of meta tags
Creating a model mixin to handle generic relations
Handling multilingual fields
Working with model translation tables
Avoiding circular dependencies
Adding database constraints
Using migrations
Changing a foreign key to the many-to-many field
3
Forms and Views
Forms and Views
Introduction
Technical requirements
Creating an app with CRUDL functions
Saving the author of a model instance
Uploading images
Creating a form layout with custom templates
Creating a form layout with django-crispy-forms
Working with formsets
Filtering object lists
Managing paginated lists
Composing class-based views
Providing Open Graph and Twitter Card data
Providing schema.org vocabularies
Generating PDF documents
Implementing a multilingual search with Haystack and Whoosh
Implementing a multilingual search with Elasticsearch DSL
4
Templates and JavaScript
Templates and JavaScript
Introduction
Technical requirements
Arranging the base.html template
Using Django Sekizai
Exposing settings in JavaScript
Using HTML5 data attributes
Providing responsive images
Implementing a continuous scrolling
Opening object details in a modal dialog
Implementing the Like widget
Uploading images via Ajax
5
Custom Template Filters and Tags
Custom Template Filters and Tags
Introduction
Technical requirements
Following conventions for your own template filters and tags
Creating a template filter to show how many days have passed since a post was published
Creating a template filter to extract the first media object
Creating a template filter to humanize URLs
Creating a template tag to include a template, if it exists
Creating a template tag to load a QuerySet in a template
Creating a template tag to parse content as a template
Creating template tags to modify request query parameters
6
Model Administration
Model Administration
Introduction
Technical requirements
Customizing columns on the change list page
Creating sortable inlines
Creating admin actions
Developing change list filters
Changing the app label of a third-party app
Creating a custom accounts app
Getting user Gravatars
Inserting a map into a change form
7
Security and Performance
Security and Performance
Introduction
Technical requirements
Making forms secure from Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Making requests secure with Content Security Policy (CSP)
Using django-admin-honeypot
Implementing password validation
Downloading authorized files
Adding a dynamic watermark to images
Authenticating with Auth0
Caching the method return value
Using Memcached to cache Django views
Using Redis to cache Django views
8
Hierarchical Structures
Hierarchical Structures
Introduction
Technical requirements
Creating hierarchical categories with django-mptt
Creating a category administration interface with django-mptt-admin
Rendering categories in a template with django-mptt
Using a single selection field to choose a category in forms with django-mptt
Using a checkbox list to choose multiple categories in forms with django-mptt
Creating hierarchical categories with django-treebeard
Creating a basic category administration interface with django-treebeard
9
Importing and Exporting Data
Importing and Exporting Data
Introduction
Technical requirements
Importing data from a local CSV file
Importing data from a local Excel file
Importing data from an external JSON file
Importing data from an external XML file
Preparing paginated sitemaps for search engines
Creating filterable RSS feeds
Using Django REST framework to create an API
10
Bells and Whistles
Bells and Whistles
Introduction
Technical requirements
Using the Django shell
Using database query expressions
Monkey patching the slugify() function for better internationalization support
Toggling the Debug toolbar
Using ThreadLocalMiddleware
Using signals to notify administrators about new entries
Checking for missing settings
11
Testing
Testing
Introduction
Technical requirements
Testing views with mock
Testing the user interface with Selenium
Testing APIs created using Django REST framework
Ensuring test coverage
12
Deployment
Deployment
Introduction
Technical requirements
Releasing a reusable Django app
Deploying on Apache with mod_wsgi for the staging environment
Deploying on Apache with mod_wsgi for the production environment
Deploying on Nginx and Gunicorn for the staging environment
Deploying on Nginx and Gunicorn for the production environment
13
Maintenance
Maintenance
Introduction
Technical requirements
Creating and restoring MySQL database backups
Creating and restoring PostgreSQL database backups
Setting up cron jobs for regular tasks
Logging events for further introspection
Getting detailed error reporting via email
14
Other Books You May Enjoy
Other Books You May Enjoy
Leave a review - let other readers know what you think

Creating a form layout with custom templates

In earlier versions of Django, all form rendering was handled exclusively in Python code, but since Django 1.11, template-based form widget rendering has been introduced. In this recipe, we will examine how to use custom templates for form widgets. We are going to use the Django administration form to illustrate how the custom widget templates can improve the usability of the fields.

Getting ready

Let's create the default Django administration for the Idea model and its translations:

# myproject/apps/ideas/admin.py
from django import forms
from django.contrib import admin
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _

from myproject.apps.core.admin import LanguageChoicesForm...
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