Arthur Samuel coined the term machine learning in 1959 while at IBM. A popular definition of machine learning is due to Arthur, who, it is believed, called machine learning a field of computer science that gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.
Tom Mitchell, in 1998, added a more specific definition to machine learning and called it a, study of algorithms that improve their performance P at some task T with experience E.
A simple explanation would help to illustrate this concept. By now, most of us are familiar with the concept of spam in emails. Most email accounts also contain a separate folder known as Junk, Spam, or a related term. A cursory check of the folders will usually indicate the presence of several emails, many of which were presumably unsolicited and contain meaningless information.
The mere task of categorizing emails as spam and moving them to a folder involves the application of machine learning. Andrew Ng highlighted...