Index
A
- ALG
- about / ALG—Application Layer Gateways
- architecture, OpenSER
- modules / Core and Modules
- core / Core and Modules
- file openser.cfg, sections / Sections of the File openser.cfg
- SIP transaction / Sessions, Dialogs, and Transactions
- SIP dialog / Sessions, Dialogs, and Transactions
- SIP session / Sessions, Dialogs, and Transactions
- openser.cfg message processing / openser.cfg Message Processing
- AUTH_DB module
- about / The AUTH_DB Module
- parmeters / The AUTH_DB Module
- www_authorize(realm, table) function / The AUTH_DB Module
- proxy_authorize(realm, table) function / The AUTH_DB Module
- AVP
- about / AVP (Attribute-Value Pair) Overview
- overview / AVP (Attribute-Value Pair) Overview
- OPs module loading / AVPOPS Module Loading and Parameters
C
- call forwarding
- blind call forwarding, implementing / Implementing Blind Call Forwarding, Lab—Implementing Blind Call Forwarding, Icall forwardingblind call forwarding, implementingmplementing Call Forward on Busy or nanswered
- call forward on busy/unanswered, implementing / Icall forwardingblind call forwarding, implementingmplementing Call Forward on Busy or nanswered
- testing / Lab—Testing the Call Forward Feature
- call forwarding, types
- blind call forwarding / Call Forwarding
- forward on busy / Call Forwarding
- forward on no answer / Call Forwarding
- CDRTool
- using, for rating / Using CDRTool for Rating
- about / Using CDRTool for Rating
- installing / LAB—CDRTool Installation
- using / LAB—Using CDRTool
- architecture / CDRTool Architecture
- call rating / How CDRTool Rates a Call
- rating plan, applying / Lab—Creating and Applying a Rating Plan
- rating plan, creating / Lab—Creating and Applying a Rating Plan
- components, SIP
- user agent client / SIP Operation Theory
- user agent server / SIP Operation Theory
- user agent / SIP Operation Theory
- Proxy server / SIP Operation Theory
- Redirect server / SIP Operation Theory
- Location server / SIP Operation Theory
- registrar / SIP Registration Process
D
- digest authentication
- about / Digest Authentication
- WWW-Authenticate response header / WWW-Authenticate Response Header
- authorization request header / The Authorization Request Header
- qop(quality of protection) parameter / QOP—Quality of Protection
F
- features, OpenSER
- usage scenarios / Usage Scenarios
- file openser.cfg, OpenSER
- global definitions / Sections of the File openser.cfg
- modules / Sections of the File openser.cfg
- modules configuration / Sections of the File openser.cfg
- main routing block / Sections of the File openser.cfg
- secondary routing block / Sections of the File openser.cfg
- reply routing blocks / Sections of the File openser.cfg
- failure routing blocks / Sections of the File openser.cfg
- freeradius
- installing / Installation of FreeRADIUS and CDRTool
- freeradius installation
- steps / Installation of FreeRADIUS and CDRTool
- packages and dependencies / Packages and Dependencies
- database for freeradius server, creating / Create and Configure the Database for the Radius server
- freeradius server, configuring / Configuration of the FreeRADIUS Server
- radius client, configuring / Configure the RADIUS Client (radiusclient-ng)
- OpenSER, configuring / Configure OpenSER
- OpenSER configuration, testing making a call / Test the Configuration after Making a Call
I
- ICE
- installation, OpenSER
- hardware requirements / Hardware Requirements
- software requirements / Software Requirements
- Linux, installing / Lab—Installing Linux for OpenSER
- Linux distro the Debian Etch, installing / Lab—Installing Linux for OpenSER
- OpenSER v1.2, installing / Downloading and Installing OpenSER v1.2
- OpenSER v1.2, Downloading / Downloading and Installing OpenSER v1.2
- OpenSER v1.2, installation process / Downloading and Installing OpenSER v1.2
- OpenSER, running at Linux boot / Lab—Running OpenSER at the Linux Boot
- INVITE authentication sequence
- about / The INVITE Authentication Sequence
- message, authenticating / The INVITE Authentication Sequence
- packet capture, by ngrep / INVITE Sequence Packet Capture
- code snippet / INVITE Sequence Packet Capture
L
- LAB
- NAT traversal, testing / Lab Using MediaProxy for NAT Traversal
- lab
- SerMyAdmin, installing / Lab—Installing SerMyAdmin
- LCR
- about / Using LCR (Least Cost Routes)
- module / Using LCR (Least Cost Routes), The LCR Module
- module, configuration diagram / Configuration Diagram
- VoIP provider dial plan / VoIP Provider Dial Plan
- table / The LCR Table
- gateways table / The Gateways TableLCRgateways table
- gateway group table / The Gateway Groups Table
- gateways table, removing / Adding, Removing, and Showing LCR and Gateways
- table, removing / Adding, Removing, and Showing LCR and Gateways
- gateways table, adding / Adding, Removing, and Showing LCR and Gateways
- table, adding / Adding, Removing, and Showing LCR and Gateways
- gateways table, showing / Adding, Removing, and Showing LCR and Gateways
- table, showing / Adding, Removing, and Showing LCR and Gateways
- openserctl LCR-related commands / Openserctl LCR-Related Commands.LCRopenserctl LCR-related commands
- openserctl LCR-related commands, notes / Notes:LCRopenserctl LCR-related commands, notes
- openserctl LCR-related commands, examples / Examples: LCRopenserctl LCR-related commands, examples
- lab bench / Lab—Using the LCR FeatureLCRlab bench
- lab, executing with LCR / Lab—Using the LCR FeatureLCRlab bench
- lab, lcr gateway groups / lcr Gateway Groups
- lab, lcr gateways / lcr Gateways
- lab, lcr routes / lcr Routes
- Linux
- installing, for OpenSER / Lab—Installing Linux for OpenSER
- log levels, standard configuration
- L_ALERT (-3) / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- L_CRIT (-2) / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- L_ERR (-1) / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- L_WARN (1) / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- L_NOTICE (2) / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- L_INFO (3) / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- L_DBG (4) / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
M
- media proxy
- Media Proxy server
- configuration / MediaProxy Installation and Configuration
- installing / MediaProxy Installation and Configuration, Installing MediaProxy
- features / MediaProxy Installation and Configuration
- modules, OpenSER 1.2 and 1.3
- carrier route / Carrier Route
- dialog / Dialog
- SIP session timers / SIP Session Timers
- MySQL
- installing, in OpenSER / Installing MySQL Support
- mysql.so module, verifying / Installing MySQL Support
- tables, creating / Installing MySQL Support
- parameters, of tables / Installing MySQL Support
N
- NAT
- types / NAT Types
- firewall table / NAT Firewall Table
- NAT, types
- full cone / Full Cone
- restricted cone / Restricted Cone
- port restricted cone / Port Restricted Cone
- symmetric / Symmetric
- near-end solution, SIP NAT traversal
- non-register request, openserctl shell script
- calls, managing from domain / Managing Calls Coming from Our Domain
- inbound to inbound calls, route[10] / Inbound-to-Inbound—route[10]
- inbound to outbound calls, route[11] / Inbound-to-Outbound—route[11]
- outbound to inbound calls, route[12] / Outbound-to-Inbound—route[12]
- outbound to outbound calls, route[13] / Outbound-to-Outbound—route[13]
O
- OpenSER
- about / What Software to Use, SER or OpenSER?
- overview / What Software to Use, SER or OpenSER?
- architecture / OpenSER ArchitectureOpenSERarchitecture
- louse routing / Differences between Strict Routing and Loose Routing
- log files / Log Files
- startup options / Startup Options
- SIP routing, basics / Rstandard configuration, OpenSERusesouting Basics
- MySQL / Where Are We?
- AUTH_DB module / The AUTH_DB Module
- REGISTER authentication sequence / The REGISTER Authentication Sequence
- UAC / The REGISTER Authentication Sequence
- INVITE authentication sequence / The INVITE Authentication Sequence
- digest authentication / Digest Authentication
- MySQL, installing / Installing MySQL Support
- configuring, for using MySQL / Installing MySQL Support
- openser.cfg file analysis / openser.cfg File Analysis
- openserctl shell script / The Openserctl Shell Script
- check_from() function / The Functions check_to() and check_from()
- check_to() function / The Functions check_to() and check_from()
- aliases / Using Aliases
- full script, with all resources / Full Script with All the Resources Above
- security, lab-enhancing / Lab—Enhancing the Security
- lab, aliases adding / Lab—Using Aliases
- SerMyAdmin / SerMyAdmin
- openser.pstn script / Requests Coming From the Gateway
- openser.cfg inspection / openser.cfg Inspection
- lab, Asterisk using as PSTN gateway / Lab—Using Asterisk as a PSTN Gateway
- Asterisk gateway, configuring / Asterisk Gateway (sip.conf)
- Cisco 2601 gateway / Cisco 2601 Gateway
- LCR, used to route calls / Using LCR (Least Cost Routes)
- re-INVITES, securing / Securing re-INVITES
- 473/Filtered Destination messages / Blacklists and "473/Filtered Destination" messages
- dns blacklists / Blacklists and "473/Filtered Destination" messages
- call forwarding / Call Forwarding
- pseudo-variables / Call Forwarding
- AVPs / Call Forwarding
- AVPOPs module / Call Forwarding
- configuration file, inspecting / Inspecting the Configuration File
- built-in tools / Built-in Tools
- siptrace, built-in tools / Built-in Tools
- openserctl, built-in tools / Built-in Tools
- packet capture tools / Packet Capture and Trace Tools
- trace tools / Packet Capture and Trace Tools
- stress testing tools / Stress Testing Tools
- stress, testing / Stress Test—The SIP Signaling, Stress Test—The RTP Signaling
- tools, monitoring MONIT tool used / Monitoring Tools
- tools, monitoring / Monitoring Tools
- VoIP provider, connecting to / SIP Peering
- Openser.cfg analysis
- nathelper module / Modules Loading
- modules, loading / Modules Loading
- mediaproxy module / Modules Loading
- modules parameters / Modules' Parameters
- REGISTER message, processing / Register Message Processing
- INVITE message, processing / Invite Message Processing
- BYE/CANCEL message, processing / BYE and CANCEL Message Processing
- RE-INVITES message, handling / RE-INVITE Message Handling
- reply message, handling / Reply Message Handling
- routing script / Routing Script Openser.cfg analysisrouting script
- OpenSER 1.2.3, modifications / What's New in Version 1.2.3
- CANCEL requests, handling / Cancel Handling
- blacklist, disabling by default / Blacklist is Disabled by Default
- method filtering / Method Filtering
- method filtering, implementing / Method Filtering
- Alias_DB / Alias_DB
- branch_route section / Branch_route
- openserctl shell script
- about / The Openserctl Shell Script
- uses / The Openserctl Shell Script
- output, openserctl help command / The Openserctl Shell Script
- openserctl resource file / Openserctl Resource File
- openserctlrc file / Openserctlrc Fileopenserctl shell scriptopenserctlrc file
- authentication, implementing / Using OpenSER with Authentication
- enhancing / Enhancing the Script
- multiple domains, managing / Managing Multiple Domains
- alternate routes / Alternative Routes
- register request, route [2] / Register Requests (route[2])
- non-register request, route [3] / Non-Register Requests (route[3])
- OpenSER migrating, from 1.2.2 to 1.2.3 and 1.3.1 / Migration from 1.2.2 to 1.2.3 and 1.3.1
- OpenSER v1.2
- compilation installation process / Downloading and Installing OpenSER v1.2
- installing / Downloading and Installing OpenSER v1.2
- downloading / Downloading and Installing OpenSER v1.2
- directory structure / OpenSER v1.2 Directory Structure
- OpenSER v1.2, directory structure
- configuration files (etc/openser) / Configuration Files (etc/openser)
- modules (/lib/openser/modules) / Modules (/lib/openser/modules)
- Binaries (/sbin) / Binaries (/sbin)
P
- packet capture tools
- ngrep / Packet Capture and Trace Tools
- Wireshark / TShark, Wireshark
- tshark / TShark, Wireshark
- Wireshark, statistics for SIP / TShark, Wireshark
- Wireshark, statistics for RTP / TShark, Wireshark
- Perl
- about / PERL
- pseudo-variables
- about / Pseudo-Variables
- Xlog / Pseudo-Variables
- Uac / Pseudo-Variables
- Textops / Pseudo-Variables
- Avpops / Pseudo-Variables
- Acc / Pseudo-Variables
- $ar / Pseudo-Variables
- $au / Pseudo-Variables
- $br / Pseudo-Variables
- $bR / Pseudo-Variables
- $ci / Pseudo-Variables
- $cl / Pseudo-Variables
- $cs / Pseudo-Variables
- $ct / Pseudo-Variables
- $cT / Pseudo-Variables
- $dd / Pseudo-Variables
- $di / Pseudo-Variables
- $dp / Pseudo-Variables
- $dP / Pseudo-Variables
- $ds / Pseudo-Variables
- $du / Pseudo-Variables
- $fd / Pseudo-Variables
- $fn / Pseudo-Variables
- $ft / Pseudo-Variables
- $fu / Pseudo-Variables
- $fU / Pseudo-Variables
- $mb / Pseudo-Variables
- $mf / Pseudo-Variables
- $mF / Pseudo-Variables
- $mi / Pseudo-Variables
- $ml / Pseudo-Variables
- $od / Pseudo-Variables
- $op / Pseudo-Variables
- $oP / Pseudo-Variables
- $ou / Pseudo-Variables
- $oU / Pseudo-Variables
- $pp / Pseudo-Variables
- $rd / Pseudo-Variables
- $rb / Pseudo-Variables
- $rc / Pseudo-Variables
- $rm / Pseudo-Variables
- $rp / Pseudo-Variables
- $rP / Pseudo-Variables
- $rr / Pseudo-Variables
- $rs / Pseudo-Variables
- $rt / Pseudo-Variables
- $ru / Pseudo-Variables
- $rU / Pseudo-Variables
- $Ri / Pseudo-Variables
- $Rp / Pseudo-Variables
- $si / Pseudo-Variables
- $sp / Pseudo-Variables
- $td / Pseudo-Variables
- $tn / Pseudo-Variables
- $tt / Pseudo-Variables
- $tu / Pseudo-Variables
- $tU / Pseudo-Variables
- $Tf / Pseudo-Variables
- $Ts / Pseudo-Variables
- $ua / Pseudo-Variables
- $re / Pseudo-Variables
- PSTN
- requests, sent to / Requests Sent to the Gateway
- calls, authorizing from / Requests Coming From the Gateway
- requests, coming from / Requests Coming From the Gateway
- permissions module / Requests Coming From the Gateway
- permissions module, allow_trusted() function / Requests Coming From the Gateway
- conditions, for accepting request / Requests Coming From the Gateway
- trusted host list, updating SerMyAdmin used / Requests Coming From the Gateway
- call, routing / Requests Coming From the Gateway
- PSTN gateway
- CiscoTM / PSTN Gateway
- AudioCodesTM / PSTN Gateway
- QuintumTM / PSTN Gateway
R
- Radius
- about / Accounting using RADIUS
- REGISTER authentication sequence
- messages, authenticating / The REGISTER Authentication Sequence
- about / The REGISTER Authentication Sequence
- packet capture, by ngrep / Register Sequence (Packets Captured by ngrep)
- code snippet / Register Sequence Code Snippet
- RFC3665
- about / SIP Registration Process
- basic flows / SIP Registration Process
- routing basics
- transactions / Transactions and Dialogs
- initial requests / Initial and Sequential Requests
- RTP packets traversal
- UDP traversal, over relay NAT / Solving the Traversal of RTP Packets
- solving, Media Proxy used / Solving the Traversal of RTP Packets
- solving, RTP Proxy used / Solving the Traversal of RTP Packets
- RTP protocol
- about / The RTP Protocol, Understanding SIP and RTP
- RTCP / The RTP Protocol, Real Time Control Protocol (RTCP)
- codecs / Codecs
- DTMF / DTMF-Relay
- RTP Proxy
- about / RTPProxy
- server, installing / Lab—Installing RTPProxy
S
- SDP
- SerMyAdmin
- about / SerMyAdmin
- installing / Lab—Installing SerMyAdmin
- basic tasks / Basic Tasks
- new user, registering / Registering a New User
- new user, approving / Approving a New User
- user management / User Management
- domain management / Domain Management
- interface customization / Interface Customization
- interface cuustomization / Interface Customization
- Session Border Controllers (SBC)
- SIP
- address / SIP Basics
- architecture / SIP Basics
- Proxy / SIP Basics
- model / SIP Basics
- message, example / SIP Proxy in the Context of a VOIP Provider
- operation theory / SIP Operation Theory
- components / SIP Operation Theory
- registering process / SIP Registration Process
- server, operating as SIP Proxy / Server Operating as a SIP Proxy
- server, operating as SIP Redirect / Server Operating as a SIP Redirect
- basic messages / Basic Messages
- dialog flow / SIP Dialog Flow
- URI / SIP Dialog Flow
- header fields / SIP Dialog Flow
- dialog / SIP Transactions and Dialogs
- transaction / SIP Transactions and Dialogs
- session establishment / SIP Transactions and Dialogs
- RTP protocol / The RTP Protocol
- SDP / Session Description Protocol (SDP)
- OSI model / The SIP Protocol and the OSI Model
- references / Where You Can Find More Information
- about / Understanding SIP and RTP
- NAT traversal challenge, solving / Solving the SIP NAT Traversal Challenge
- SIP, header fields
- VIA / SIP Dialog Flow
- TO / SIP Dialog Flow
- FROM / SIP Dialog Flow
- CALL-ID / SIP Dialog Flow
- CSEQ / SIP Dialog Flow
- CONTACT / SIP Dialog Flow
- MAX-FORWARDS / SIP Dialog Flow
- CONTENT-TYPE / SIP Dialog Flow
- CONTENT-LENGHT / SIP Dialog Flow
- SIP Express Router
- about / What is the SIP Express Router?
- overview / What Software to Use, SER or OpenSER?
- SIP extensions
- RFC 3515 / PSTN Gateway
- RFC3891 / PSTN Gateway
- RFC 3892 / PSTN Gateway
- SIP messages
- loose and strict routing, differences / Differences between Strict Routing and Loose Routing
- routing methods / Differences between Strict Routing and Loose Routing
- loose routing / Differences between Strict Routing and Loose Routing
- strict routing, issues / Differences between Strict Routing and Loose Routing
- SIP NAT traversal
- REGISTER requests, handling behind NAT / Handling REGISTER Requests behind NAT
- client, determining / Determining if the Client is behind NAT
- INVITE messages, handling behind NAT / Handling INVITE Messages behind NAT
- RTP, handling behind NAT / Handling INVITE Messages behind NAT
- responses, handling / Handling the Responses
- Media Proxy server, installing / MediaProxy Installation and Configuration
- invite diagram / Invite DiagramSIP NAT traversalinvite diagram
- packet sequence / Packet Sequence
- testing, Media Proxy used / Lab Using MediaProxy for NAT Traversal
- STUN, implementing / Implementing a Near-End NAT Solution
- near-end NAT solution, implementing / Implementing a Near-End NAT Solution
- STUN, not working with symmetric NAT devices / Why STUN Does Not Work with Symmetric NAT Devices
- STUN, comparing with TURN / Comparing STUN with TURN (Media Relay Server)
- ALG / ALG—Application Layer Gateways
- ICE / ICE (Interactive Connection Establishment)
- SIP NAT traversal challenge
- solving / Solving the SIP NAT Traversal Challenge
- far-end solutions / Solving the SIP NAT Traversal Challenge
- near-end solutions / Solving the SIP NAT Traversal Challenge
- far-end solution, implementing / Implementing a Far-End NAT Solution
- SIP NAT traversal problem, types / Implementing a Far-End NAT Solution
- TURN solution / Implementing a Far-End NAT Solution
- RFC3581 and force_rport() function / RFC3581 and the force_rport() FunctionSIP NAT traversal challengeRFC3581 and force_rport() function
- RTP packets traversal, solving / Solving the Traversal of RTP Packets
- SIP NAT traversal problem, types
- RTP protocol / Implementing a Far-End NAT Solution
- SIP protocol / Implementing a Far-End NAT Solution
- SIP Proxy
- alias / SIP Basics
- about / SIP Basics
- basic processing / SIP Proxy—Expected Behavior
- stateful operation / Stateful Operation
- stateful operation, necessary processing steps / Stateful Operation
- calls, classified / Enhancing the Script
- SIP routing, basics
- dialogs / Transactions and Dialogs
- sequential requests / Initial and Sequential Requests
- routing, in transaction / Routing in a Context of a Transaction
- routing, in dialog / Routing in the Context of a Dialog
- lab, dialog tracking / Lab—Tracking a Complete Dialog
- lab, stateless mode / Lab—Running Stateless
- lab, record-route disabling / Lab—Disabling record-route
- SIP URI
- about / SIP Dialog Flow
- software requirements
- Linux / Software Requirements
- Solaris / Software Requirements
- BSD / Software Requirements
- GNU tar, packages / Software Requirements
- GNU make, packages / Software Requirements
- flex, packages / Software Requirements
- bison or yacc(Berkley yacc), packages / Software Requirements
- gcc, packages / Software Requirements
- packages / Software Requirements
- GNU install, packages / Software Requirements
- standard configuration, OpenSER
- analyzing / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- log levels / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- fork directive / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- children directive / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- port=5060 / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- module search path / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- modparam directive / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- route / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- record_route() function / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- loose_route() function / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- t_relay() function / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- append_hf function / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- REGISTER method / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- lookup( / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- sl_replay_error() function / Analyzing the Standard Configuration
- uses / Using the Standard Configuration, Rstandard configuration, OpenSERusesouting Basics, Sstandard configuration, OpenSERusesummary
- stress testing tools
- about / Stress Testing Tools
- Sipsak / Sipsak
- SIPp / SIPp
- SIPp, installing / Installing SIPp
- stress test, SIP signaling / Stress Test—The SIP Signaling
- stress test, RTP signaling / Stress Test—The RTP Signaling
- mediaproxy, testing / Testing MediaProxy
- STUN
- advantages / Implementing a Near-End NAT Solution
- about / Implementing a Near-End NAT Solution
- working / Implementing a Near-End NAT Solution
- comparing with TURN / Comparing STUN with TURN (Media Relay Server)
T
- TLS
- about / TLS Transport Layer Security
- trace tools
- siptrace / SipTrace
- troubleshooting
- Daemon Does not Start / Daemon Does Not Start
- Client Unable to Register / Client Unable to Register
- call, sending to provider / Sending a Call to a Provider with Authentication
- tyos, in configuration file / Typos in the Configuration File
- TIP / The Last Tip
V
- VoIP provider
- about / The VoIP Provider "Big Picture"
- portal, provisioning / User, Administration, and Provisioning Portal
- user administration / User, Administration, and Provisioning Portal
- SEMS Sip Express media server, features / Media Server
- SEMS Sip Express media server / Media Server
- RTP Proxy, for NAT traversal / Media Proxy or RTP Proxy for Nat Traversal
- media proxy, for Nat traversal / Media Proxy or RTP Proxy for Nat Traversal
- architecture / VoIP Provider Architecture
- accounting configuration / Accounting Configuration
- accounting, implementing / LAB—Accounting using MySQL
- accounting, using MySQL / LAB—Accounting using MySQL
- openser.cfg analysis / openser.cfg Analysis
- accounting, using Radius / Accounting using RADIUS
- connecting ways / SIP Peering
- VoIP prpvider
- SIP Proxy / SIP Proxy
- PSTN gateway / PSTN Gateway
- media server / Media Server
- radius, accounting / RADIUS Accounting
- CDRTool, rating / CDRTool Rating
- tools, monitoring / Monitoring Tools
W
- WeSIP
- about / WeSIP