2. Writing Advanced Salt Configurations | Salt Cookbook

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Salt Cookbook

By : Anirban Saha

3.5 (2)

Salt Cookbook

3.5 (2)

By: Anirban Saha

Overview of this book

If you are a professional associated with system and infrastructure management, looking at automated infrastructure and deployments, then this book is for you. No prior experience of Salt is required.

Preface

Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Who this book is for

Sections

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Free Chapter

1. Salt Architecture and Components

1. Salt Architecture and Components

Introduction

Installing and configuring the Salt master

Configuring the Salt environment and pillar paths

Understanding and configuring Salt pillars

Understanding and writing Salt states

Understanding and writing the top file

Installing and configuring the Salt minion

Configuring environments and grains on the minion

Applying Salt states to minions

2. Writing Advanced Salt Configurations

2. Writing Advanced Salt Configurations

Introduction

Writing and retrieving pillar data

Using pillar data in states

Using grains in states

Using conditionals in states and pillars

Using Python functions in conditionals

Using iterations in states

Setting and using variables in states

Testing a state run before applying to minions

Configuring nodegroups

Targeting minions

3. Modules, Orchestration, and Scaling Salt

3. Modules, Orchestration, and Scaling Salt

Introduction

Using execution modules

Using state modules

Configuring templates

Using requisites

Using Salt runners

Orchestration with Salt orchestrate

Salt multi-master setup (active-active mode)

Salt multi-master setup (active-passive mode)

4. General Administration Tasks

4. General Administration Tasks

Introduction

Running commands

Setting host entries and grains

Setting time zone, locale, and kernel configurations

Handling archive files

Adding groups and users

Performing SSH authentication tasks

Scheduling jobs with cron

Managing volumes

Working with disks and mounts

Managing network configurations

5. Advanced Administration Tasks

5. Advanced Administration Tasks

Introduction

Managing package repositories

Managing packages using the default package manager

Managing packages using rvm, gem, and pip

Managing files

Managing services

Managing code repositories with Git

Managing code repositories with svn

Configuring alternatives

6. Managing Application Servers

6. Managing Application Servers

Introduction

Apache web server packages and services

Managing web server modules

Adding web server configuration

Web server security with htpasswd

Setting up Java for Apache Tomcat

Apache Tomcat packages, files, and services

Deploying the WAR file in Apache Tomcat

7. Managing Databases

7. Managing Databases

Introduction

Using MySQL packages, files, and services

Using MySQL databases

Creating MySQL database users

Running MySQL queries

Providing MySQL user grants

Using PostgreSQL packages, files, and services

Setting up PostgreSQL groups and users

Configuring PostgreSQL databases

8. Configuring Salt Cloud

8. Configuring Salt Cloud

Introduction

Configuring the Salt cloud environment

Configuring cloud providers

Configuring cloud profiles

Extending profiles and providers

Configuring cloud maps

Using post-install scripts

Launching, querying, and destroying instances

Performing general cloud functions

9. Managing Amazon Web Services

9. Managing Amazon Web Services

Introduction

Implementing security groups

Using elastic load balancers

Configuring DNS with Route53

Configuring Simple Queue Service

Deploying ElastiCache clusters

Configuring CloudWatch alarms

10. Salt Event and Reactor System

10. Salt Event and Reactor System

Introduction

Learning the basics of the event system

Listening to events

Firing events

Identifying and working with Salt event types

Integrating and configuring the reactor system

Using reactors for Salt tasks

11. Troubleshooting

11. Troubleshooting

Introduction

Troubleshooting the Salt master

Troubleshooting the Salt minion

Dealing with too many open files

Connectivity, DNS, and ports

Dealing with YAML configuration problems

Index

Index

Using grains in states

Grains are one of the most important features of Salt, based on which we can perform the configuration and orchestration tasks efficiently. Salt offers the flexibility to use the default grains and also to add custom grains as and when required. In this recipe, you will learn how to use grains in state configurations.

How to do it...

Configure a new minion with the hostname or minion ID as stgdc1app01 in the staging environment. In this naming convention, stg is the environment, dc1 is the location, app is the server type, and 01 is a numeric identifier for the host.

Run the following command to get a full list of available grains on the minion:
```
[root@salt-master ~]# salt 'stgdc1app01' grains.items
```

Next, run the following command to get information about two specific grains that we will work with:

[root@salt-master ~]# salt 'stgdc1app01' grains.item \ ip_interfaces fqdn
stgdc1app01:
  fqdn: stgdc1app01
  ip_interfaces: {'lo': ['127.0.0.1'], 'eth1': ['192.168.0.3'], 'eth0...

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