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OpenStack Networking Essentials

OpenStack Networking Essentials

By : James Denton, Chamorro
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OpenStack Networking Essentials

OpenStack Networking Essentials

5 (3)
By: James Denton, Chamorro

Overview of this book

The OpenStack Networking API offers users the ability to create and manage both basic and complex network architectures that blend the virtual and physical network infrastructure. This book kicks off by describing various components of Openstack Neutron and installing Ubuntu OpenStack based on Canonical's process. Further on, you will use various methods to interface with Neutron to create and manage network resources. You will also get to grips with the relationship between ports, networks, and subnets through diagrams and explanations, and see how the logical components are implemented via plugins and agents. Moving forward, you will learn how virtual switches are implemented and how to build Neutron routers. You will also configure networks, subnets, and routers to provide connectivity to instances using simple examples. At the end, you will configure and manage security groups, and will observe how these rules translate to iptables rules on the host machines. By the end of the book, you will be able to build basic network architectures using Neutron networks and routers in no time.
Table of Contents (11 chapters)
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10
Index

The OpenStack architecture

Most OpenStack clouds are made up of physical infrastructure nodes that fit into one of the following four categories:

  • Controller nodes: These usually run the application programming interface (API) services for all of the OpenStack components, including Glance, Nova, Keystone, and Neutron. In addition, controller nodes run the database and messaging servers and are often the point of management of the cloud via the Horizon dashboard. Most OpenStack API services can be installed on multiple controller nodes and can be load balanced to scale the OpenStack control plane.
  • Network nodes: These usually run DHCP and metadata services and can host virtual routers when the Neutron L3 agent is installed. In smaller environments, it is not uncommon to see controller and network node services collapsed onto the same server or set of servers. As the cloud grows in size, most network services can be broken out among other servers or installed on their own server for optimal performance.
  • Compute nodes: These usually run a hypervisor, such as KVM, Hyper-V, or Xen, or container software, such as LXC or Docker. In some cases, a compute node may also host virtual routers, especially when Distributed Virtual Routing (DVR) is configured. In proof-of-concept or test environments, it is not uncommon to see controller, network, and compute node services collapsed onto the same machine. This is especially common when using DevStack, a software package designed for developing and testing OpenStack code. All-in-one installations are not recommended for production use.
  • Storage nodes: These are usually limited to running software related to storage, such as Cinder, Ceph, or Swift. Storage nodes do not usually host any type of Neutron Networking service or agent and will not be discussed in this book.

When Neutron services are broken out among many hosts, the layout of services will often resemble the following diagram, though it can vary from environment to environment:

The OpenStack architecture

In this book, we will build a test environment on a single node that demonstrates basic OpenStack network functionality. This distribution of services will look like this:

The OpenStack architecture

Note

In both of the preceding diagrams, Neutron-related services have been highlighted in bold.

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