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Table Of Contents

DNS in Action

By : CP Books a.s.

2.3 (3)

DNS in Action

2.3 (3)

By: CP Books a.s.

Overview of this book

The Domain Name System is one of the foundations of the internet. It is the system that allows the translation of human-readable domain names into machines-readable IP addresses and the reverse translation of IP addresses into domain names. This book describes the basic DNS protocol and its extensions; DNS delegation and registration, including for reverse domains; using DNS servers in networks that are not connected to the internet; and using DNS servers on firewall machines. Many detailed examples are used throughout the book to show perform various configuration and administration tasks.

DNS in Action

DNS in Action

Credits

Credits

About the Authors

About the Authors

Preface

Preface

Free Chapter

Domain Name System

Domain Name System

1.1 Domains and Subdomains

1.2 Name Syntax

1.3 Reverse Domains

1.4 Domain 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa

1.5 Zone

1.6 Reserved Domains and Pseudodomains

1.7 Queries (Translations)

1.8 Resolvers

1.9 Name Server

1.10 Forwarder Servers

DNS Protocol

DNS Protocol

2.1 Resource Records

2.2 DNS Protocol

2.3 DNS Query

DNS Extension

DNS Extension

3.1 DNS Update

3.2 DNS Notify

3.3 Incremental Zone Transfer

3.4 Negative Caching (DNS NCACHE)

3.5 DNS IP version 6 Extension

3.6 DNS Security Protocols

3.7 TSIG

3.8 Saving Certificates to DNS

Name Server Implementation

Name Server Implementation

4.1 DNS Database

4.2 RR Format

4.3 Name Server Implementation in BIND

4.4 Microsoft’s Native Implementation of DNS in Windows 2000/2003

Tools for DNS Debugging and Administration

Tools for DNS Debugging and Administration

5.1 Tools for DNS Debugging

5.2 The rndc Program

5.3 Errors in DNS Configuration

Domain Delegation and Registration

Domain Delegation and Registration

6.1 Example 1

6.2 Example 2

6.3 Domain Registration

Reverse Domain Delegation

Reverse Domain Delegation

Server ns.company.com

Server ns.provider.net

Server ns.ripe.net (authoritative server for a superior domain)

Server ns.company.com

Server ns.branch.company.com

Internet Registry

Internet Registry

8.1 International Organizations

8.2 Regional Internet Registry (RIR)

8.3 IP Addresses and AS Numbers

8.4 Internet Registry

8.5 Delegation of Second-Level Domains

DNS in Closed Intranets

DNS in Closed Intranets

9.1 Configuring a Root Name Server on the Same Server (BIND Version 4)

9.2 Configuring a Root Name Server on a Separate Server (BIND Version 4)

9.3 Root DNS Server in Windows 2000/2003

DNS and Firewall

DNS and Firewall

10.1 Shared DNS for Internet and Intranet

10.2 Name Server Installed on Firewall

10.3 Dual DNS

10.4 End Remarks

Country Codes and RIRs

Country Codes and RIRs

Index

Index

5.3 Errors in DNS Configuration

The 10 most common errors in DNS configuration are as follows:

1. Every host in the Internet should have a domain name correctly established in the DNS. Some services check the existence of the name in the DNS and do not communicate with the host if this DNS name does not exist.
2. The domain name must not contain any other symbols than ASCII letters, digits, and a dash (not underscore!). A name should not consist of digits only. A name must not start or end with a dash. RFC 1033 permits the use of an underscore in a domain name; however, it is not defined as a standard and some implementations have problems with it, and it is therefore better to avoid its use.
3. Full domain names must end with a dot. A dot is not used at the end of an IP address.
4. The symbol @ in a mail address for an SOA record must be replaced by a dot.
5. The right side of an NS record must include a canonical name; it must not include an IP address.
6. An A record and matching PTR record...

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