Book Image

Statistical Application Development with R and Python - Second Edition

Book Image

Statistical Application Development with R and Python - Second Edition

Overview of this book

Statistical Analysis involves collecting and examining data to describe the nature of data that needs to be analyzed. It helps you explore the relation of data and build models to make better decisions. This book explores statistical concepts along with R and Python, which are well integrated from the word go. Almost every concept has an R code going with it which exemplifies the strength of R and applications. The R code and programs have been further strengthened with equivalent Python programs. Thus, you will first understand the data characteristics, descriptive statistics and the exploratory attitude, which will give you firm footing of data analysis. Statistical inference will complete the technical footing of statistical methods. Regression, linear, logistic modeling, and CART, builds the essential toolkit. This will help you complete complex problems in the real world. You will begin with a brief understanding of the nature of data and end with modern and advanced statistical models like CART. Every step is taken with DATA and R code, and further enhanced by Python. The data analysis journey begins with exploratory analysis, which is more than simple, descriptive, data summaries. You will then apply linear regression modeling, and end with logistic regression, CART, and spatial statistics. By the end of this book you will be able to apply your statistical learning in major domains at work or in your projects.
Table of Contents (19 chapters)
Statistical Application Development with R and Python - Second Edition
Credits
About the Author
Acknowledgment
About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
Customer Feedback
Preface
Index

Understanding data.frame and other formats


Any software comes with its structure and nuances. The Questionnaire and its component section of Chapter 1, Data Characteristics, introduced various facets of data. In the current section, we will go into the details of how R works with data of different characteristics. Depending on the need, we have different formats of the data. In this section, we will begin with simpler objects and move up the ladder toward some of the more complex ones.

Constants, vectors, and matrices

R has five inbuilt objects that store certain constant values. The five objects are LETTERS, letters, month.abb, month.name, and pi. The first two objects contain the letters A-Z in upper and lower cases. The third and fourth objects have months in their abbreviated form and the complete month names. Finally, the object pi contains the value of the famous irrational number. So here, the exercise for the reader is to find the value of the irrational number e. The details about...