Book Image

Learning Python

By : Romano
Book Image

Learning Python

By: Romano

Overview of this book

Learning Python has a dynamic and varied nature. It reads easily and lays a good foundation for those who are interested in digging deeper. It has a practical and example-oriented approach through which both the introductory and the advanced topics are explained. Starting with the fundamentals of programming and Python, it ends by exploring very different topics, like GUIs, web apps and data science. The book takes you all the way to creating a fully fledged application. The book begins by exploring the essentials of programming, data structures and teaches you how to manipulate them. It then moves on to controlling the flow of a program and writing reusable and error proof code. You will then explore different programming paradigms that will allow you to find the best approach to any situation, and also learn how to perform performance optimization as well as effective debugging. Throughout, the book steers you through the various types of applications, and it concludes with a complete mini website built upon all the concepts that you learned.
Table of Contents (14 chapters)
13
Index

Scopes and name resolution

Do you remember when we talked about scopes and namespaces in the first chapter? We're going to expand on that concept now. Finally, we can talk about functions and this will make everything easier to understand. Let's start with a very simple example.

scoping.level.1.py

def my_function():
    test = 1 # this is defined in the local scope of the function
    print('my_function:', test)

test = 0  # this is defined in the global scope
my_function()
print('global:', test)

I have defined the name test in two different places in the previous example. It is actually in two different scopes. One is the global scope (test = 0), and the other is the local scope of the function my_function (test = 1). If you execute the code, you'll see this:

$ python scoping.level.1.py
my_function: 1
global: 0

It's clear that test = 1 shadows the assignment test = 0 in my_function. In the global context, test is still 0, as you can see from the output...