The goal of this book is to introduce you to some of the most popular and newest technologies and frameworks that will help you build and deploy microservices at scale. With the current evolution in this space, it is really difficult to keep up with all the new frameworks and tools. If you are an open source fan like me, you would already know that you have to spend a lot of time in trying out these new frameworks and libraries in order to understand their potential and the exact problem that they are trying to solve. Of course, each framework would have been built for a specific purpose, and you will often end up in a situation where you don’t have a silver bullet for all your microservice concerns. In this book, you will learn some of the most commonly used frameworks and technologies that help you build and deploy microservices at scale.
Throughout this book, we will be sticking to a specific application and will try to build upon that application. For example, we will be using the same application to configure service discovery, monitoring, streaming, log management, and load balancing. So by the end of this book, you will have a fully loaded microservice that demonstrates every aspect of a microservice.
This book covers several libraries and frameworks that help you build and deploy microservices. After reading this book, you will not be an expert on all of them, but you will know where to start and how to proceed. That’s the whole intention of this book. I hope you'll like it. Good luck microservicing!
Chapter 1, Building Microservices with Java, shows you how to build Java-based RESTful microservices using frameworks such as Spring Boot, Wildfly Swarm, Dropwizard, and Spark Java . This chapter will also show you how to write RESTful APIs using Spring MVC and Spark Java.
Chapter 2, Containerizing Microservices with Docker, shows you how to package your application using Maven plugins such as the Maven Shade plugin and Spring Boot Maven plugin. This chapter will also show you how to install Docker on your local computer. You will also learn how to containerize your application using Docker and later push your microservice’s Docker image to the public Docker Hub.
Chapter 3, Deploying Microservices on Mesos, shows you how to orchestrate a Dockerized Mesos cluster with Marathon on your local machine. You will also learn how to deploy your Dockerized microservice to a Mesos cluster using Marathon. Later, you will learn how to scale your microservice; configure ports, volumes, and environment variables; and view container logs in Marathon. Finally you will learn how to use Marathon's REST API for managing your microservice.
Chapter 4, Deploying Microservices on Kubernetes, shows you how to orchestrate a Dockerized Kubernetes cluster using Minikube on your local machine. You will also learn how to deploy your Dockerized microservice to a Kubernetes cluster using the Kubernetes dashboard as well as kubectl. Later, you will learn how to scale your microservice; configure ports, volumes, and environment variables; and view container logs in Kubernetes using the dashboard as well as kubectl.
Chapter 5, Service Discovery and Load Balancing Microservices, shows you how you to run a Dockerized Zookeeper instance on your local machine. You will learn how to implement service discovery and load balancing using Zookeeper. This chapter also introduces you to Consul, where you will be running a Dockerized Consul instance on your local machine. Later, you will learn how to implement service discovery and load balancing using Consul and Spring Cloud. You will also learn how to implement service discovery and load balancing using Consul and Nginx.
Chapter 6, Monitoring Microservices, shows you how to configure Spring Boot Actuator and gives you an overview of all the metrics that are exposed by Spring Boot Actuator. You will also learn how to create your own metrics using the Dropwizard metrics library and later expose them via Spring Boot Actuator. Later, you will learn how to run a Dockerized Graphite instance on your local machine. The metrics that you created using Dropwizard will then be published to Graphite. Finally, you will learn how to run a Dockerized Grafana instance on your local machine and then use it to expose your metrics in the form of dashboards.
Chapter 7, Building Asynchronous Streaming Systems with Kafka and Spark, shows you how to set up and run a Dockerized Kafka broker on your local machine. You will learn how to create topics in Kafka and build Kafka Streams application in our microservice that will stream data asynchronously. You will build a similar Spark Streaming job that will have the ability to stream data asynchronously. You will get an overview of improving the performance of your streaming application. Later, you will learn how to aggregate your application logs into a Kafka topic and then explore the possibilities of integrating it with popular log-management systems.
Chapter 8, More Clustering Frameworks - DC/OS, Docker Swarm, and YARN, will give you an overview of other popular clustering frameworks in the market. You will get a high-level idea of Mesosphere’s DC/OS, Docker Swarm, and Apache YARN. You will also get to see how DC/OS and Docker Swarm can be used to deploy microservices on a larger scale.
You will need the following software and hardware to execute the recipes on this book.
Hardware:
Desktop or laptop with at least 16 GB memory and a 4-core CPU
Software:
Java Development Kit
Apache Maven
Spring Tool Suite
This book is for Java developers that would like to learn how to build microservices, deploy them on a clustered environment, monitor them, and manage them at scale. Familiarity with Java is a plus, as most of the recipes in this book are based on Java.
In this book, you will find several headings that appear frequently (Getting ready, How to do it..., How it works..., There's more..., and See also).
To give clear instructions on how to complete a recipe, we use these sections as follows:
This section tells you what to expect in the recipe, and describes how to set up any software or any preliminary settings required for the recipe.
This section usually consists of a detailed explanation of what happened in the previous section.
This section consists of additional information about the recipe in order to make the reader more knowledgeable about the recipe.
In this book, you will find a number of text styles that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles and an explanation of their meaning.
Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: "Start the GeoLocationApplication.java class as a Spring Boot application from your STS IDE."
A block of code is set as follows:
<!-- <dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-all</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency> -->Any command-line input or output is written as follows:
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X GET http://localhost:8080/geolocation
New terms and important words are shown in bold. Words that you see on the screen, for example, in menus or dialog boxes, appear in the text like this: "The next button that we would want to use most of the time is the Short URL button."
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