Book Image

Ruby and MongoDB Web Development Beginner's Guide

By : Gautam Rege
Book Image

Ruby and MongoDB Web Development Beginner's Guide

By: Gautam Rege

Overview of this book

<p>MongoDB is a high-performance, open source, schema-free document-oriented database. Ruby is an object- oriented scripting language. Ruby and MongoDB are an ideal partnership for building scalable web applications.<br /><br /><em>Ruby and MongoDB Web Development Beginner's Guide</em> is a fast-paced, hands-on guide to get started with web application development using Ruby and MongoDB. The book follows a practical approach, using clear and step-by-step instructions and examples in Ruby to demonstrate application development using MongoDB. <br /><br />The book starts by introducing the concepts of MongoDB. The book teaches everything right from the installation to creating objects, MongoDB internals, queries and Ruby Data Mappers. <br /><br />You will learn how to use various Ruby data mappers like Mongoid and MongoMapper to map Ruby objects to MongoDB documents.<br /><br />You will learn MongoDB features and deal with geo-spatial indexing with MongoDB and Scaling MongoDB. <br /><br />With its coverage of concepts and practical examples, <em>Ruby and MongoDB Web Development Beginner's Guide</em> is the right choice for Ruby developers to get started with developing websites with MongoDB as the database.</p>

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Ruby and MongoDB Web Development Beginner's Guide
Gautam Rege
Jul, 2012 | 332 pages
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Table of Contents (18 chapters)
Ruby and MongoDB Web Development Beginner's Guide
Ruby and MongoDB Web Development Beginner's Guide
Credits
Credits
About the Author
About the Author
Acknowledgement
Acknowledgement
About the Reviewers
About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
www.PacktPub.com
Preface
Preface
Free Chapter
1
Installing MongoDB and Ruby
Installing MongoDB and Ruby
Installing Ruby
Installing MongoDB
Configuring the MongoDB server
Starting MongoDB
Stopping MongoDB
The MongoDB CLI
Installing Rails/Sinatra
Summary
2
Diving Deep into MongoDB
Diving Deep into MongoDB
Creating documents
Time for action — creating our first document
Using MongoDB embedded documents
Time for action — embedding reviews and votes
Using MongoDB document relationships
Time for action — creating document relations
Comparing MongoDB versus SQL syntax
Using Map/Reduce instead of join
Time for action — writing the map function for calculating vote statistics
Time for action — writing the reduce function to process emitted information
Understanding the Ruby perspective
Time for action — creating the project
Time for action — start your engines
Time for action — configuring Mongoid
Time for action — planning the object schema
Time for action — putting it all together
Time for action — adding reviews to books
Time for action — embedding Lease and Purchase models
Time for action — writing the map function to calculate ratings
Time for action — writing the reduce function to process the emitted results
Time for action — working with Map/Reduce using Ruby
Summary
3
MongoDB Internals
MongoDB Internals
Understanding Binary JSON
What is ObjectId?
Documents and collections
JavaScript and MongoDB
Time for action — writing our own custom functions in MongoDB
Ensuring write consistency or "read your writes"
Global write lock
Transactional support in MongoDB
Time for action — implementing optimistic locking
Why are there no joins in MongoDB?
Summary
4
Working Out Your Way with Queries
Working Out Your Way with Queries
Searching by fields in a document
Time for action — searching by a string value
Time for action — fetching only for specific fields
Time for action — skipping documents and limiting our search results
Time for action — finding books by name or publisher
Time for action — finding the highly ranked books
Searching inside arrays
Time for action — searching inside reviews
Searching inside hashes
Searching inside embedded documents
Searching with regular expressions
Time for action — using regular expression searches
Summary
5
Ruby DataMappers: Ruby and MongoDB Go Hand in Hand
Ruby DataMappers: Ruby and MongoDB Go Hand in Hand
Why do we need Ruby DataMappers
Time for action — using mongo gem
The Ruby DataMappers for MongoDB
Setting up DataMappers
Time for action — configuring MongoMapper
Time for action — setting up Mongoid
Creating, updating, and destroying documents
Time for action — creating and updating objects
Using finder methods
Using MongoDB criteria
Time for action — fetching using the where criterion
Understanding model relationships
Time for action — relating models
Time for action — categorizing books
Time for action — adding book details
Time for action — managing the driver entities
Time for action — creating vehicles using basic polymorphism
Using embedded objects
Time for action — creating embedded objects
Reverse embedded relations in Mongoid
Time for action — using embeds_one without specifying embedded_in
Time for action — using embeds_many without specifying embedded_in
Understanding embedded polymorphism
Time for action — adding licenses to drivers
Time for action — insuring drivers
Choosing whether to embed or to associate documents
Mongoid or MongoMapper — the verdict
Summary
6
Modeling Ruby with Mongoid
Modeling Ruby with Mongoid
Developing a web application with Mongoid
Time for action — setting up a Rails project
Time for action — using Sinatra professionally
Defining attributes in models
Time for action — adding dynamic fields
Time for action — localizing fields
Using arrays and hashes in models
Defining relations in models
Time for action — configuring the many-to-many relation
Time for action — setting up the following and followers relationship
Time for action — setting up cyclic relations
Managing changes in models
Time for action — changing models
Mixing in Mongoid modules
Time for action — getting paranoid
Time for action — including a version
Summary
7
Achieving High Performance on Your Ruby Application with MongoDB
Achieving High Performance on Your Ruby Application with MongoDB
Profiling MongoDB
Time for action — enabling profiling for MongoDB
Using the explain function
Time for action — explaining a query
Using covered indexes
Time for action — using covered indexes
Other MongoDB performance tuning techniques
Understanding web application performance
Optimizing our code for performance
Optimizing and tuning the web application stack
Summary
8
Rack, Sinatra, Rails, and MongoDB — Making Use of them All
Rack, Sinatra, Rails, and MongoDB — Making Use of them All
Revisiting Sodibee
The Rails way
Time for action — modeling the Author class
Time for action — writing the Book, Category and Address models
Time for action — modeling the Order class
Time for action — configuring routes
Time for action — writing the AuthorsController
Time for action — designing the layout
Time for action — listing authors
Time for action — adding new authors and books
The Sinatra way
Time for action — setting up Sinatra and Rack
Testing and automation using RSpec
Time for action — installing RSpec
Time for action — sporking it
Documenting code using YARD
Summary
9
Going Everywhere — Geospatial Indexing with MongoDB
Going Everywhere — Geospatial Indexing with MongoDB
What is geolocation
Identifying the exact geolocation
Storing coordinates in MongoDB
Time for action — geocoding the Address model
Time for action — saving geolocation coordinates
Time for action — using geocoder for storing coordinates
Firing geolocation queries
Time for action — finding nearby addresses
Time for action — firing near queries in Mongoid
Summary
10
Scaling MongoDB
Scaling MongoDB
High availability and failover via replication
Time for action — setting up the master/slave replication
Time for action — implementing replica sets
Implementing replica sets for Sodibee
Time for action — configuring replica sets for Sodibee
Implementing sharding
Time for action — setting up the shards
Time for action — starting the config server
Time for action — setting up mongos
Implementing Map/Reduce
Time for action — planning the Map/Reduce functionality
Time for action — Map/Reduce via the mongo console
Time for action — Map/Reduce via Ruby
Time for action — iterating Ruby objects
Summary
Pop quiz — Answers
Pop quiz — Answers
Chapter 2: Diving Deep into MongoDB
Chapter 3: MongoDB Internals
Chapter 4: Working out your Way with Queries
Chapter 5: Ruby DataMappers: Ruby and MongoDB Go Hand in Hand
Chapter 6: Modeling Ruby with Mongoid
Chapter 8: Rack, Sinatra, Rails and MongoDB - Making use of them all
Chapter 10: Scaling MongoDB

Defining attributes in models

Until now we have seen how attributes are added in models. But we never really dug deeper to find out how that works.

A typical model looks like the following: 

class Book
include Mongoid::Document
field :title, type: String
field :publisher, type: String
field :published_on, type: Date
field :votes, type: Array
field :reviews, type: Hash
end

The field method from Mongoid::Document takes at least one mandatory parameter and some optional arguments—name is mandatory and here are some optional arguments. The ones we would use most are :type and :default. The optional arguments are explained as follows:

  • :type: It is the data type which should either be a String, Data, Integer, Float, Bignum, Boolean, or something similar

  • :as: This is required when specifying a polymorphic relation

  • :default: This sets the default value to the field

  • :localize: It tells Mongoid that this is i18n compliant

  • :identity: This is for specifying the information for the identity map...

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