Phyllotaxy is derived from the Greek words phýllon (meaning leaf) and táxis (meaning arrangement). Accordingly, phyllotaxy is the study of the spiral arrangements found in leaves and flowers.
In this section, we will code the following floral pattern:
The mathematical details for this program have been taken from Chapter 4 of the book Algorithmic Botany of Plants—a PDF of which can be obtained from here: http://algorithmicbotany.org/papers/abop/abop-ch4.pdf.
Here are the two formulas from the chapter that we will be using:
and 
represents the polar coordinate of each point on the canvas. As you shall see, our phyllotaxy will be made up of dots arranged in a spiral pattern. So the variable n in the preceding example represents the count or the index of the nth dot starting at zero at the center of the spiral. The variable c is used as a scale...