Data replication: This practice especially focuses on mission-critical applications, where data loss is intolerable, which may be due to the high cost of the experiment, or where the experiment's failure can result in a loss of life. For such mission-critical applications, data replication should be properly planned such that a failure of some components of the system will not affect the overall functionality of the system. The replicated data must be placed at different locations so that a natural disaster at one location will not affect the ultimate processing.

The following figure depicts the concept of data replication. Each piece of data is replicated three times at different locations across the globe. Even if there is a failure of one or two systems that have a particular piece, the processing doesn't stop as there is another copy...