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Learning PostgreSQL 10 - Second Edition
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PostgreSQL provides a full text search capability, which is used to overcome SQL pattern matching operators, including LIKE and ILIKE, boosting the performance of the text search. For example, even though an index on text using the text_pattern_op class is supported, this index cannot be used to match a non-anchored text search.
Another issue with the traditional LIKE and ILIKE operators is the ranking based on similarity and natural language linguistic support. The LIKE and ILIKE operators always evaluate a Boolean value: either as TRUE or as FALSE.
In addition to ranking and non-anchored text search support, PostgreSQL full text search provides many other features. Full text search supports dictionaries, so it can support language, such as synonyms.
The full text search is based on the tsvector and tsquery datatypes. Here, tsvector represents a document in a normalized state and tsquery represents the query.
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