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Data Analysis with R, Second Edition

Data Analysis with R, Second Edition - Second Edition

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Data Analysis with R, Second Edition

Data Analysis with R, Second Edition

3.5 (2)

Overview of this book

Frequently the tool of choice for academics, R has spread deep into the private sector and can be found in the production pipelines at some of the most advanced and successful enterprises. The power and domain-specificity of R allows the user to express complex analytics easily, quickly, and succinctly. Starting with the basics of R and statistical reasoning, this book dives into advanced predictive analytics, showing how to apply those techniques to real-world data though with real-world examples. Packed with engaging problems and exercises, this book begins with a review of R and its syntax with packages like Rcpp, ggplot2, and dplyr. From there, get to grips with the fundamentals of applied statistics and build on this knowledge to perform sophisticated and powerful analytics. Solve the difficulties relating to performing data analysis in practice and find solutions to working with messy data, large data, communicating results, and facilitating reproducibility. This book is engineered to be an invaluable resource through many stages of anyone’s career as a data analyst.
Table of Contents (19 chapters)
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Univariate data


In this chapter, we are going to deal with univariate data, which is a fancy way of saying samples of one variable--the kind of data that goes into a single R vector. Analysis of univariate data isn't concerned with the why questions—causes, relationships, or anything like that; the purpose of univariate analysis is simply to describe.

In univariate data, one variable—let's call it x—can represent categories such as soy ice cream flavors, heads or tails, names of cute classmates, the roll of a die, and so on. In cases like these, we call x a categorical variable.

categorical.data <- c("heads", "tails", "tails", "heads") 

Categorical data is represented, in the preceding statement, as a vector of character type. In this particular example, we could further specify that this is a binary or dichotomous variable because it only takes on two values, namely, heads and tails.

Our variable x could also represent a number such as air temperature, the prices of financial instruments...

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Data Analysis with R, Second Edition
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