If you care to tackle a problem using the statistic's arsenal there are two tools to begin with: measures of central tendency and measures of variance. This is the starting point for most of the statistical problems. These measures are used in a thing that some would call descriptive analysis. A well done descriptive analysis may be all that you need, depending on the problem you have at hand. Think about the force continuum (and don't go straight to the Megazord—start small).
Central tendency (or average) means typical/middle value from a distribution. This is an abstract concept and we can't really measure it. Yet there are estimates that try to translate this abstract concept into an actual measure. Arithmetic mean, median, and mode are all widespread and consolidated attempts.
Even if you got yourself stuck...