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  • Book Overview & Buying Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook
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Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

By : Ciro Fiorillo
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Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

4 (4)
By: Ciro Fiorillo
Buy this Book

Overview of this book

Oracle's Database offers great performance, scalability, and many features for DBAs and developers. Due to a wide choice of technologies, successful applications are good candidates to run into performance issues and when a problem arises it's very difficult to identify the cause and the right solution to the problem. The Oracle Database 11g R2 Performance Tuning Cookbook helps DBAs and developers to understand every aspect of Oracle Database that can affect performance. You will be guided through implementing the correct solution in a proactive way before problems arise, and how to diagnose issues on your Oracle database-based solutions. This fast-paced book offers solutions starting from application design and development, through the implementation of well-performing applications, to the details of deployment and delivering best-performance databases. With this book you will quickly learn to apply the right methodology to tune the performance of an Oracle Database, and to optimize application design and SQL and PL/SQL code. By following the real-world examples you will see how to store your data in correct structures and access and manipulate them at a lightning speed. You will learn to speed up sort operations, hack the optimizer and the data loading process, and diagnose and tune memory, I/O, and contention issues. The purpose of this cookbook is to provide concise recipes, which will help you to build and maintain a very high-speed Oracle Database environment.
Table of Contents (21 chapters)
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Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook
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Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook
Credits
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Credits
About the Author
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About the Author
Acknowledgement
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Acknowledgement
About the Reviewers
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About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
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www.PacktPub.com
Preface
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Preface
Lock Free Chapter
1
Starting with Performance Tuning
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Starting with Performance Tuning
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Introduction
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Reviewing the performance tuning process
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Exploring the example database
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Acquiring data using a data dictionary and dynamic performance views
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Analyzing data using Statspack reports
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Diagnosing performance issues using the alert log
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Analyzing data using Automatic Workload Repository (AWR)
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Analyzing data using Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM)
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A working example
2
Optimizing Application Design
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Optimizing Application Design
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Introduction
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Optimizing connection management
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Improving performance sharing reusable code
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Reducing the number of requests to the database using stored procedures
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Reducing the number of requests to the database using sequences
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Reducing the number of requests to the database using materialized views
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Optimizing performance with schema denormalization
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Avoiding dynamic SQL
3
Optimizing Storage Structures
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Optimizing Storage Structures
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Introduction
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Avoiding row chaining
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Avoiding row migration
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Using LOBs
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Using index clusters
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Using hash clusters
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Indexing the correct way
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Rebuilding index
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Compressing indexes
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Using reverse key indexes
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Using bitmap indexes
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Migrating to index organized tables
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Using partitioning
4
Optimizing SQL Code
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Optimizing SQL Code
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Introduction
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Using bind variables
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Avoiding full table scans
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Exploring index lookup
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Exploring index skip-scan and index range-scan
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Introducing arrays and bulk operations
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Optimizing joins
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Using subqueries
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Tracing SQL activity with SQL Trace and TKPROF
5
Optimizing Sort Operations
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Optimizing Sort Operations
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Introduction
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Sorting—in-memory and on-disk
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Sorting and indexing
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Writing top n queries and ranking
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Using count, min/max, and group-by
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Avoiding sorting in set operations: union, minus, and intersect
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Troubleshooting temporary tablespaces
6
Optimizing PL/SQL Code
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Optimizing PL/SQL Code
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Introduction
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Using bind variables and parsing
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Array processing and bulk-collect
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Passing values with NOCOPY (or not)
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Using short-circuit IF statements
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Avoiding recursion
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Using native compilation
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Taking advantage of function result cache
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Inlining PL/SQL code
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Using triggers and virtual columns
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Improving the Oracle Optimizer
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Improving the Oracle Optimizer
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Introduction
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Exploring optimizer hints
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Collecting statistics
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Using histograms
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Managing stored outlines
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Introducing Adaptive Cursor Sharing for bind variable peeking
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Creating SQL Tuning Sets
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Using the SQL Tuning Advisor
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Configuring and using SQL Baselines
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Other Optimizations
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Other Optimizations
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Introduction
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Caching results with the client-side result cache
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Enabling parallel SQL
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Direct path inserting
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Using create table as select
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Inspecting indexes and triggers overhead
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Loading data with SQL*Loader and Data Pump
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Tuning Memory
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Tuning Memory
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Introduction
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Tuning memory to avoid Operating System paging
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Tuning the Library Cache
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Tuning the Shared Pool
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Tuning the Program Global Area and the User Global Area
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Tuning the Buffer Cache
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Tuning I/O
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Tuning I/O
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Introduction
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Tuning at the disk level and strategies to distribute Oracle files
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Striping objects across multiple disks
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Choosing different RAID levels for different Oracle files
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Using asynchronous I/O
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Tuning checkpoints
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Tuning redo logs
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Tuning Contention
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Tuning Contention
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Introduction
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Detecting and preventing lock contention
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Investigating transactions and concurrency
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Tuning latches
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Tuning resources to minimize latch contention
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Minimizing latches using bind variables
1
Dynamic Performance Views
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Dynamic Performance Views
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ALL_OBJECTS
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DBA_BLOCKERS
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DBA_DATA_FILES
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DBA_EXTENTS
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DBA_INDEXES
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DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
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DBA_TABLES
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DBA_TEMP_FILES
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DBA_VIEWS
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DBA_WAITERS
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INDEX_STATS
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DBA_SEQUENCES
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DBA_TABLESPACES
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DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
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V$ADVISOR_PROGRESS
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V$BUFFER_POOL_STATISTICS
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V$CONTROLFILE
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V$DATAFILE
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V$DB_CACHE_ADVICE
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V$DB_OBJECT_CACHE
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V$ENQUEUE_LOCK
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V$FILESTAT
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V$FIXED_TABLE
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V$INSTANCE_RECOVERY
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V$LATCH
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V$LATCH_CHILDREN
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V$LIBRARYCACHE
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V$LOCK
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V$LOCKED_OBJECT
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V$LOG
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V$LOG_HISTORY
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V$LOGFILE
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V$MYSTAT
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V$PROCESS
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V$ROLLSTAT
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V$ROWCACHE
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V$SESSION
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V$SESSION_EVENT
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V$SESSTAT
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V$SGA
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V$SGAINFO
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V$SHARED_POOL_RESERVED
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V$SORT_SEGMENT
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V$SQL
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V$SQL_PLAN
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V$SQLAREA
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V$STATNAME
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V$SYSSTAT
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V$SYSTEM_EVENT
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V$TEMPFILE
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V$TEMPSTAT
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V$WAITSTAT
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X$BH
2
A Summary of Oracle Packages Used for Performance Tuning
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A Summary of Oracle Packages Used for Performance Tuning
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DBMS_ADDM
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DBMS_ADVISOR
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DBMS_JOB
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DBMS_LOB
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DBMS_MVIEW
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DBMS_OUTLN
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DBMS_OUTLN_EDIT
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DBMS_SHARED_POOL
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DBMS_SPACE
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DBMS_SPM
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DBMS_SQL
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DBMS_SQLTUNE
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DBMS_STATS
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DBMS_UTILITY
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DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
3
Index
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Index

Avoiding dynamic SQL

The title of this recipe should be extended to say "… when you can do your stuff without using it". In this recipe, we will see when and how to use dynamic SQL.

Dynamic SQL is the only choice when:

  • We want to execute DDL statements in our application.

  • We have to code different queries depending on user input, for example, a search form with different search criteria that the user can choose from. This leads to different predicates in the WHERE clause.

  • We want to code generic procedures, which can act on any table, for example, a generic "print" procedure, which shows the content of a table in a certain format.

For each of these situations, there are drawbacks to be taken care of.

How to do it...

To execute DDL statements in our application, we cannot use static SQL inside PL/SQL code. So, if we want to grant the RESOURCE role to the user SH, we have to do something similar to the following:

BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'GRANT RESOURCE TO SH'
END;

To search the EMPLOYEES table...

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