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  • Book Overview & Buying Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook
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Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

By : Ciro Fiorillo
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Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook

4 (4)
By: Ciro Fiorillo
Buy this Book

Overview of this book

Oracle's Database offers great performance, scalability, and many features for DBAs and developers. Due to a wide choice of technologies, successful applications are good candidates to run into performance issues and when a problem arises it's very difficult to identify the cause and the right solution to the problem. The Oracle Database 11g R2 Performance Tuning Cookbook helps DBAs and developers to understand every aspect of Oracle Database that can affect performance. You will be guided through implementing the correct solution in a proactive way before problems arise, and how to diagnose issues on your Oracle database-based solutions. This fast-paced book offers solutions starting from application design and development, through the implementation of well-performing applications, to the details of deployment and delivering best-performance databases. With this book you will quickly learn to apply the right methodology to tune the performance of an Oracle Database, and to optimize application design and SQL and PL/SQL code. By following the real-world examples you will see how to store your data in correct structures and access and manipulate them at a lightning speed. You will learn to speed up sort operations, hack the optimizer and the data loading process, and diagnose and tune memory, I/O, and contention issues. The purpose of this cookbook is to provide concise recipes, which will help you to build and maintain a very high-speed Oracle Database environment.
Table of Contents (21 chapters)
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Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook
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Oracle Database 11gR2 Performance Tuning Cookbook
Credits
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Credits
About the Author
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About the Author
Acknowledgement
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Acknowledgement
About the Reviewers
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About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
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www.PacktPub.com
Preface
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Preface
Lock Free Chapter
1
Starting with Performance Tuning
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Starting with Performance Tuning
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Introduction
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Reviewing the performance tuning process
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Exploring the example database
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Acquiring data using a data dictionary and dynamic performance views
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Analyzing data using Statspack reports
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Diagnosing performance issues using the alert log
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Analyzing data using Automatic Workload Repository (AWR)
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Analyzing data using Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM)
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A working example
2
Optimizing Application Design
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Optimizing Application Design
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Introduction
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Optimizing connection management
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Improving performance sharing reusable code
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Reducing the number of requests to the database using stored procedures
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Reducing the number of requests to the database using sequences
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Reducing the number of requests to the database using materialized views
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Optimizing performance with schema denormalization
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Avoiding dynamic SQL
3
Optimizing Storage Structures
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Optimizing Storage Structures
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Introduction
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Avoiding row chaining
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Avoiding row migration
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Using LOBs
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Using index clusters
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Using hash clusters
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Indexing the correct way
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Rebuilding index
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Compressing indexes
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Using reverse key indexes
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Using bitmap indexes
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Migrating to index organized tables
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Using partitioning
4
Optimizing SQL Code
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Optimizing SQL Code
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Introduction
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Using bind variables
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Avoiding full table scans
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Exploring index lookup
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Exploring index skip-scan and index range-scan
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Introducing arrays and bulk operations
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Optimizing joins
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Using subqueries
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Tracing SQL activity with SQL Trace and TKPROF
5
Optimizing Sort Operations
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Optimizing Sort Operations
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Introduction
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Sorting—in-memory and on-disk
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Sorting and indexing
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Writing top n queries and ranking
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Using count, min/max, and group-by
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Avoiding sorting in set operations: union, minus, and intersect
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Troubleshooting temporary tablespaces
6
Optimizing PL/SQL Code
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Optimizing PL/SQL Code
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Introduction
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Using bind variables and parsing
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Array processing and bulk-collect
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Passing values with NOCOPY (or not)
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Using short-circuit IF statements
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Avoiding recursion
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Using native compilation
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Taking advantage of function result cache
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Inlining PL/SQL code
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Using triggers and virtual columns
7
Improving the Oracle Optimizer
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Improving the Oracle Optimizer
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Introduction
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Exploring optimizer hints
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Collecting statistics
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Using histograms
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Managing stored outlines
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Introducing Adaptive Cursor Sharing for bind variable peeking
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Creating SQL Tuning Sets
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Using the SQL Tuning Advisor
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Configuring and using SQL Baselines
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Other Optimizations
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Other Optimizations
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Introduction
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Caching results with the client-side result cache
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Enabling parallel SQL
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Direct path inserting
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Using create table as select
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Inspecting indexes and triggers overhead
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Loading data with SQL*Loader and Data Pump
9
Tuning Memory
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Tuning Memory
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Introduction
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Tuning memory to avoid Operating System paging
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Tuning the Library Cache
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Tuning the Shared Pool
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Tuning the Program Global Area and the User Global Area
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Tuning the Buffer Cache
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Tuning I/O
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Tuning I/O
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Introduction
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Tuning at the disk level and strategies to distribute Oracle files
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Striping objects across multiple disks
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Choosing different RAID levels for different Oracle files
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Using asynchronous I/O
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Tuning checkpoints
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Tuning redo logs
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Tuning Contention
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Tuning Contention
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Introduction
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Detecting and preventing lock contention
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Investigating transactions and concurrency
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Tuning latches
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Tuning resources to minimize latch contention
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Minimizing latches using bind variables
1
Dynamic Performance Views
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Dynamic Performance Views
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ALL_OBJECTS
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DBA_BLOCKERS
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DBA_DATA_FILES
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DBA_EXTENTS
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DBA_INDEXES
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DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
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DBA_TABLES
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DBA_TEMP_FILES
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DBA_VIEWS
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DBA_WAITERS
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INDEX_STATS
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DBA_SEQUENCES
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DBA_TABLESPACES
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DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
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V$ADVISOR_PROGRESS
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V$BUFFER_POOL_STATISTICS
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V$CONTROLFILE
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V$DATAFILE
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V$DB_CACHE_ADVICE
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V$DB_OBJECT_CACHE
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V$ENQUEUE_LOCK
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V$FILESTAT
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V$FIXED_TABLE
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V$INSTANCE_RECOVERY
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V$LATCH
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V$LATCH_CHILDREN
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V$LIBRARYCACHE
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V$LOCK
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V$LOCKED_OBJECT
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V$LOG
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V$LOG_HISTORY
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V$LOGFILE
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V$MYSTAT
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V$PROCESS
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V$ROLLSTAT
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V$ROWCACHE
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V$SESSION
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V$SESSION_EVENT
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V$SESSTAT
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V$SGA
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V$SGAINFO
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V$SHARED_POOL_RESERVED
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V$SORT_SEGMENT
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V$SQL
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V$SQL_PLAN
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V$SQLAREA
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V$STATNAME
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V$SYSSTAT
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V$SYSTEM_EVENT
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V$TEMPFILE
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V$TEMPSTAT
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V$WAITSTAT
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X$BH
2
A Summary of Oracle Packages Used for Performance Tuning
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A Summary of Oracle Packages Used for Performance Tuning
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DBMS_ADDM
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DBMS_ADVISOR
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DBMS_JOB
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DBMS_LOB
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DBMS_MVIEW
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DBMS_OUTLN
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DBMS_OUTLN_EDIT
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DBMS_SHARED_POOL
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DBMS_SPACE
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DBMS_SPM
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DBMS_SQL
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DBMS_SQLTUNE
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DBMS_STATS
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DBMS_UTILITY
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DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
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Index
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Index

Avoiding full table scans

In this recipe, we will see what a full table scan is, how to avoid it, and when to choose a full table scan over other methods.

How to do it...

Let's start by creating two tables from the data in the SALES table of the SH schema:

  1. Connect to the SH schema:

    CONNECT sh@TESTDB/sh

  2. Create the MY_SALES_ALL table:

    CREATE TABLE sh.MY_SALES_ALL AS
  SELECT ROWNUM AS ID, X.* FROM sh.SALES X;

  3. Create the MY_SALES_2 table:

    CREATE TABLE sh.MY_SALES_2 AS
  SELECT * FROM sh.MY_SALES_ALL NOLOGGING;

  4. Compute statistics on the tables we just created:

    EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS('SH', 'MY_SALES_ALL',
  estimate_percent => 100,
  method_opt => 'for all columns size 1');
EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS('SH', 'MY_SALES_2',
  estimate_percent => 100,
  method_opt => 'for all columns size 1');

  5. Verify the database blocks used by the two tables:

    SELECT BLOCKS FROM DBA_TABLES
  WHERE TABLE_NAME IN ('MY_SALES_ALL', 'MY_SALES_2');

  6. Delete some rows from MY_SALES_2, resulting...

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