Book Image

Beginning C++ Programming

By : Richard Grimes
Book Image

Beginning C++ Programming

By: Richard Grimes

Overview of this book

C++ has come a long way and is now adopted in several contexts. Its key strengths are its software infrastructure and resource-constrained applications, including desktop applications, servers, and performance-critical applications, not to forget its importance in game programming. Despite its strengths in these areas, beginners usually tend to shy away from learning the language because of its steep learning curve. The main mission of this book is to make you familiar and comfortable with C++. You will finish the book not only being able to write your own code, but more importantly, you will be able to read other projects. It is only by being able to read others' code that you will progress from a beginner to an advanced programmer. This book is the first step in that progression. The first task is to familiarize you with the structure of C++ projects so you will know how to start reading a project. Next, you will be able to identify the main structures in the language, functions, and classes, and feel confident being able to identify the execution flow through the code. You will then become aware of the facilities of the standard library and be able to determine whether you need to write a routine yourself, or use an existing routine in the standard library. Throughout the book, there is a big emphasis on memory and pointers. You will understand memory usage, allocation, and access, and be able to write code that does not leak memory. Finally, you will learn about C++ classes and get an introduction to object orientation and polymorphism.
Table of Contents (11 chapters)

Converting between types

Even if you try exceptionally hard to use the correct types in your code, at some point you will find that you will have to convert between types. For example, you may be using library functions that return a value of a particular type, or you may be reading in data from an external source that is a different type to your routine.

With built-in types, there are standard rules about conversion between different types, some of which will be automatic. For example, if you have an expression like a + b, and a and b are different types, then, if it is possible, the compiler will automatically convert one variable's value to the type of the other and the + operator for that type will be called.

In other cases, you may need to force one type to another type so that the right operator is called and this will require a cast of some kind. C++ allows you to...