Book Image

Modern Python Standard Library Cookbook

By : Alessandro Molina
Book Image

Modern Python Standard Library Cookbook

By: Alessandro Molina

Overview of this book

The Python 3 Standard Library is a vast array of modules that you can use for developing various kinds of applications. It contains an exhaustive list of libraries, and this book will help you choose the best one to address specific programming problems in Python. The Modern Python Standard Library Cookbook begins with recipes on containers and data structures and guides you in performing effective text management in Python. You will find Python recipes for command-line operations, networking, filesystems and directories, and concurrent execution. You will learn about Python security essentials in Python and get to grips with various development tools for debugging, benchmarking, inspection, error reporting, and tracing. The book includes recipes to help you create graphical user interfaces for your application. You will learn to work with multimedia components and perform mathematical operations on date and time. The recipes will also show you how to deploy different searching and sorting algorithms on your data. By the end of the book, you will have acquired the skills needed to write clean code in Python and develop applications that meet your needs.

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Aug, 2018 | 366 pages
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Table of Contents (21 chapters)
Title Page
Title Page
Copyright and Credits
Copyright and Credits
Packt Upsell
Packt Upsell
Contributors
Contributors
Preface
Preface
Free Chapter
1
Containers and Data Structures
Containers and Data Structures
Introduction
Counting frequencies
Dictionary with fallback
Unpacking multiple keyword arguments
Ordered dictionaries
MultiDict
Prioritizing entries
Bunch
Enumerations
2
Text Management
Text Management
Introduction
Pattern matching
Text similarity
Text suggestion
Templating
Splitting strings and preserving spaces
Cleanup text
Normalizing text
Aligning text
3
Command Line
Command Line
Introduction
Basic logging
Logging to file
Logging to Syslog
Parsing arguments
Interactive shells
Sizing terminal text
Running system commands
Progress bar
Message boxes
Input box
4
Filesystem and Directories
Filesystem and Directories
Introduction
Traversing folders
Working with paths
Expanding filenames
Getting file information
Named temporary files
Memory and disk buffer
Managing filename encoding
Copying a directory
Safely replacing file's content
5
Date and Time
Date and Time
Introduction
Time-zone-aware datetime
Parsing dates
Saving dates
From timestamps to datetimes
Displaying dates in user format
Going to tomorrow
Going to next month
Weekdays
Workdays
Combining dates and times
6
Read/Write Data
Read/Write Data
Introduction
Reading and writing text data
Reading lines of text
Reading and writing binary data
Zipping a directory
Pickling and shelving
Reading configuration files
Writing XML/HTML content
Reading XML/HTML content
Reading and writing CSV
Reading/writing a database
7
Algorithms
Algorithms
Introduction
Searching, sorting, filtering
Getting the nth element of any iterable
Grouping similar items
Zipping
Flattening a list of lists
Producing permutations and combinations
Accumulating and reducing
Memoizing
Operators to functions
Partials
Generic functions
Proper decoration
Context managers
Applying variable context managers
8
Cryptography
Cryptography
Introduction
Asking for passwords
Hashing passwords
Verifying a file's integrity
Verifying a message's integrity
9
Concurrency
Concurrency
Introduction
ThreadPools
Coroutines
Processes
Futures
Scheduled tasks
Sharing data between processes
10
Networking
Networking
Introduction
Sending emails
Fetching emails
FTP
Sockets
AsyncIO
Remote procedure calls
11
Web Development
Web Development
Introduction
Treating JSON
Parsing URLs
Consuming HTTP
Submitting forms to HTTP
Building HTML
Serving HTTP
Serving static files
Errors in web applications
Handling forms and files
REST API
Handling cookies
12
Multimedia
Multimedia
Introduction
Determining the type of a file
Detecting image types
Detecting image sizes
Playing audio/video/images
13
Graphical User Interfaces
Graphical User Interfaces
Introduction
Alerts
Dialog boxes
ProgressBar dialog
Lists
Menus
14
Development Tools
Development Tools
Introduction
Debugging
Testing
Mocking
Reporting errors in production
Benchmarking
Inspection
Code evaluation
Tracing code
Profiling
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Index
Index

Debugging

While developing, you might face an unexpected behavior of your code or a crash, and you will want to dive into it, see the state of the variables, and check what's going on to understand how to handle the unexpected situation so that the software behaves properly.

This is typically part of debugging and usually requires dedicated tools, debuggers, to make your life easier (ever found yourself throwing print statements everywhere around the code just to see value of some variable?).

The Python standard library comes with a very powerful debugger, and while other third-party solutions exist, the internal pdb debugger is very powerful and is able to help you in nearly all situations.

How to do it...

If you want to stop code execution at a specific point and interactively move it forward while checking how your variables change and what flow the execution takes, you just want to set a tracing point where you want to stop, so that you will enter an interactive session in the shell where...

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