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Design Patterns and Best Practices in Rust
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The TypeState pattern has academic origins in research on program verification. It was formalized by Robert E. Strom and Shaula Yemini in their 1986 paper TypeState: A Programming Language Concept for Enhancing Software Reliability (which you can read at https://www.computer.org/csdl/journal/ts/1986/01/06312929/13rRUwIF6aQ). The core idea is to use types to represent different states in which an object can be, making invalid state transitions impossible to express.
While the concept has existed in type theory for decades, Rust's unique combination of features makes it particularly practical to implement. Rust's zero-cost abstractions mean the type-level state tracking compiles away entirely, leaving no runtime overhead. The ownership system ensures that state transitions consume the old state, preventing accidental reuse. And generic types with PhantomData provide a clean mechanism for encoding state in the type system.
Several other languages...