When multiple people are working on a project, there is usually more than one piece of development being performed at a single time. It's a good practice to only commit production-ready code to the trunk or master branches of a repository, so we need somewhere else to commit code that we've not finished with. This is where branching and branches comes in.
A branch is a separate development stream that has been taken from the master/trunk branch at a certain point of time, usually with the intention of completing a specific piece of functionality, whether it's a bug fix or a new feature.
Within this recipe, we'll show how to create a branch within a Git repository, although the procedure is the same for other types of repositories.