Book Image

Oracle Certified Associate, Java SE 7 Programmer Study Guide

By : Richard M. Reese
Book Image

Oracle Certified Associate, Java SE 7 Programmer Study Guide

By: Richard M. Reese

Overview of this book

<p>Java SE 7 Associate Programmer certification adds to your qualification as a Java developer. Knowledge of Java is important, but knowing how to write an efficient and productive code adds to your skills and gives you an edge when you are planning to give the certification exam. Coverage of the objectives goes beyond a simple review of certification objectives.</p> <p>"Oracle Certified Associate, Java SE 7 Programmer Study Guide" addresses certification exam objectives and provides discussion and examples to show the best ways of applying Java language features in real world programming. You will gain in-depth understanding of Java by examining how objects are allocated in the heap and how methods are managed in the program stack.<br /><br />"Oracle Certified Associate, Java SE 7 Programmer Study Guide" covers all of the Java SE 7 Associate Programmer certification objectives. It starts with a high level overview of an application’s structure to provide a framework for subsequent chapters. Chapters are organized around common themes with emphasis on memory usage. You will get an in-depth and complete understanding of the run-time Java environment using the illustrations that show the impact of class and method usage on the program stack and heap. <br /><br />Augmenting the coverage of certification objectives are examples of how you can use the classes, methods, and techniques in a productive and sound manner. In addition, sample exam questions are given in each chapter.</p>
Table of Contents (16 chapters)
Oracle Certified Associate, Java SE 7 Programmer Study Guide
Credits
About the Author
About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
Preface

Building expressions using operands and operators


An expression consists of operands and operators. Operands are normally variable names or literals while operators act on operands. The following are examples of expressions:

int numberWheels = 4;
System.out.println("Hello");
numberWheels = numberWheels + 1;

There are several ways of classifying operators:

  • Arithmetic

  • Assignment

  • Relational

  • Logical complement

  • Logical

  • Conditional

  • Bitwise

Expressions can be thought of as the building blocks of a program. They are used to express the logic of the program.

Precedence and associativity

Java operators are summarized in the following precedence and associativity table. Most of these operators are straightforward:

Precedence

Operator

Associativity

Operator

1

++

Right

Pre/post increment

--

Right

Pre/post decrement

+,-

Right

Unary plus or minus

~

Right

Bitwise complement

!

Right

Logical complement

(cast)

Right

Cast

2

*, /, and %

Left

Multiplication, division, and modulus

3...