Base R's graphics provide plots to feed ranges of data as x and y elements. They manipulate colors, scale dimensions, and present other parts of the graph as graphical elements or options. However, they lack advanced plotting or visualization features. The ggplot2 library implements the grammar of graphics, a coherent system for describing and building graphs. The grammar of graphics is designed to help you in separating and identifying each step of the charting process to better decide on the best way to visualize data. A ggplot2 graph is built up from a few basic elements:
- Data: The raw data for visualization
- Geometries (geom_): The geometric shapes that will represent the data
- Aethetics (aes): The aesthetics of the geometric and statistical objects, such as color, size, shape, and position
- Scales (scale_): This what lies defines the mapping between the data...