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DAX for Humans
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Linear interpolation is a method used to estimate an unknown value that falls between two known values. This method assumes that the unknown value falls on a straight line or linear function between the two known values.
Linear interpolation can be visually represented as:

Figure 5.1: An unknown point P between two known points A and B.
Essentially, linear interpolation works by drawing a straight line between the two points and then finding the value of the function at a point along that line.
Mathematically, for two known points (x0, y0) and (x1, y1), the linear interpolation formula to estimate the value y at a point x is:
Interpolation is used heavily in mechanical engineering for subjects such as thermodynamics and fluid dynamics but is also used in computer graphics, finance, geosciences, economics and statistics...