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  • Book Overview & Buying Embedded Linux Projects Using Yocto Project Cookbook
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Embedded Linux Projects Using Yocto Project Cookbook

Embedded Linux Projects Using Yocto Project Cookbook

By : Alex Gonzalez
3.8 (8)
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Embedded Linux Projects Using Yocto Project Cookbook

Embedded Linux Projects Using Yocto Project Cookbook

3.8 (8)
By: Alex Gonzalez
Buy this Book

Overview of this book

If you are an embedded developer learning about embedded Linux with some experience with the Yocto project, this book is the ideal way to become proficient and broaden your knowledge with examples that are immediately applicable to your embedded developments. Experienced embedded Yocto developers will find new insight into working methodologies and ARM specific development competence.
Table of Contents (7 chapters)
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Preface
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Preface
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Who this book is for
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What this book covers
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To get the most out of this book
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Get in touch
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1
The Build System
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The Build System
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Introduction
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Setting up the host system
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Installing Poky
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Creating a build directory
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Building your first image
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Explaining the NXP Yocto ecosystem
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Installing support for NXP hardware
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Building Wandboard images
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Using the Toaster web interface
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Running a Toaster Docker container
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Configuring network booting for a development setup
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Using Docker as a Yocto build system container
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Sharing downloads
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Sharing the shared state cache
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Setting up a package feed
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Using build history
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Working with build statistics
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Debugging the build system
2
The BSP Layer
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The BSP Layer
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Introduction
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Creating a custom BSP layer
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Adding a custom kernel and bootloader
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Building the U-Boot bootloader
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Describing Linux's build system
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Configuring the Linux kernel
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Building the Linux kernel
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Building external kernel modules
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Debugging the Linux kernel and modules
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Debugging the Linux kernel booting process
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Using the kernel function tracing system
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Managing the device tree
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Debugging device tree issues
3
The Software Layer
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The Software Layer
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Introduction
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Exploring an image's contents
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Adding a new software layer
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Selecting a specific package version and provider
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Adding supported packages
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Adding new packages
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Adding data, scripts, or configuration files
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Managing users and groups
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Using the sysvinit initialization manager
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Using the systemd initialization manager
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Installing package installation scripts
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Reducing the Linux kernel image size
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Reducing the root filesystem size
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Memory-based root filesystems
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Securing the root filesystem
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Releasing software
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Analyzing your system for compliance
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Working with open source and proprietary code
4
Application Development
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Application Development
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Introduction
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Introducing toolchains
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Preparing an SDK
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Using the extensible SDK
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Using the Eclipse IDE
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Developing GTK+ applications
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Using the Qt Creator IDE
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Developing Qt applications
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Describing workflows for application development
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Working with GNU make
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Working with the GNU build system
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Working with the CMake build system
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Working with the SCons builder
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Developing with libraries
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Working with the Linux framebuffer
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Using the X Windows system
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Using Wayland
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Adding a web browser application
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Adding Python applications
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Integrating the Open Java Development Kit
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Integrating Java applications
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Integrating Node.js applications
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Running Docker application containers
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Debugging, Tracing, and Profiling
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Debugging, Tracing, and Profiling
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Introduction
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Analyzing core dumps
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Native GDB debugging
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Cross GDB debugging
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Using strace for application debugging
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Using the kernel's performance counters
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Using static kernel tracing
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Using dynamic kernel tracing
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Using dynamic kernel events
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Exploring Yocto's tracing and profiling tools
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Tracing and profiling with perf
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Using SystemTap
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Using LTTng
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Using blktrace
6
Other Books You May Enjoy
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Configuring network booting for a development setup

Most professional i.MX6 boards will have an internal embedded MMC (eMMC) flash memory, and that would be the recommended way to boot firmware. The Wandboard is not really a product meant for professional use, so it does not have one. But neither the eMMC nor the microSD card are ideal for development work, as any system change would involve a reprogramming of the firmware image.

Getting ready

The ideal setup for development work is to use both TFTP and NFS servers in your host system and to only store the U-Boot bootloader in either the eMMC or a microSD card. With this setup, the bootloader will fetch the Linux kernel from the TFTP server and the kernel will mount the root filesystem from the NFS server. Changes to either the kernel or the root filesystem are available without the need to reprogram. Only bootloader development work would need you to reprogram the physical media.

Installing a TFTP server

If you are not already running a TFTP server, follow the next steps to install and configure a TFTP server on your Ubuntu 14.04 host:

$ sudo apt-get install tftpd-hpa

The tftpd-hpa configuration file is installed in /etc/default/tftpd-hpa. By default, it uses /var/lib/tftpboot as the root TFTP folder. Change the folder permissions to make it accessible to all users using the following command:

$ sudo chmod 1777 /var/lib/tftpboot

Now copy the Linux kernel and device tree from your build directory as follows:

$ cd /opt/yocto/fsl-community-bsp/wandboard- quad/tmp/deploy/images/wandboard-quad/
$ cp zImage-wandboard-quad.bin zImage-imx6q-wandboard.dtb /var/lib/tftpboot

Installing an NFS server

If you are not already running an NFS server, follow the next steps to install and configure one on your Ubuntu 14.04 host:

$ sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server

We will use the /nfsroot directory as the root for the NFS server, so we will "untar" the target's root filesystem from our Yocto build directory in there:

$ sudo mkdir /nfsroot
$ cd /nfsroot
$ sudo tar xvf /opt/yocto/fsl-community-bsp/wandboard- quad/tmp/deploy/images/wandboard-quad/core-image-minimal-wandboard- quad.tar.bz2

Next, we will configure the NFS server to export the /nfsroot folder:

/etc/exports:
/nfsroot/ *(rw,no_root_squash,async,no_subtree_check)

We will then restart the NFS server for the configuration changes to take effect:

$ sudo service nfs-kernel-server restart

How to do it...

Boot the Wandboard and stop at the U-Boot prompt by pressing any key on the serial console. Then run through the following steps:

  1. Get an IP address by DHCP:
    > dhcp

    Alternatively, you can configure a static IP address with:

    > setenv ipaddr <static_ip>
  2. Configure the IP address of your host system, where the TFTP and NFS servers have been set up:
    > setenv serverip <host_ip>
  3. Configure the root filesystem mount:
    > setenv nfsroot /nfsroot
  4. Configure the Linux kernel and device tree filenames:
    > setenv image zImage-wandboard-quad.bin
> setenv fdt_file zImage-imx6q-wandboard.dtb
  5. If you have configured a static IP address, you need to disable DHCP on boot by running:
    > setenv ip_dyn no
  6. Save the U-Boot environment to the microSD card:
    > saveenv
  7. Perform a network boot:
    > run netboot

The Linux kernel and device tree will be fetched from the TFTP server, and the root filesystem will be mounted by the kernel from the NFS share after getting a DHCP address from your network (unless using static IP addresses).

You should be able to log in with the root user without a password prompt.

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