Book Image

Hands-On Python Natural Language Processing

By : Aman Kedia, Mayank Rasu
4 (1)
Book Image

Hands-On Python Natural Language Processing

4 (1)
By: Aman Kedia, Mayank Rasu

Overview of this book

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is the subfield in computational linguistics that enables computers to understand, process, and analyze text. This book caters to the unmet demand for hands-on training of NLP concepts and provides exposure to real-world applications along with a solid theoretical grounding. This book starts by introducing you to the field of NLP and its applications, along with the modern Python libraries that you'll use to build your NLP-powered apps. With the help of practical examples, you’ll learn how to build reasonably sophisticated NLP applications, and cover various methodologies and challenges in deploying NLP applications in the real world. You'll cover key NLP tasks such as text classification, semantic embedding, sentiment analysis, machine translation, and developing a chatbot using machine learning and deep learning techniques. The book will also help you discover how machine learning techniques play a vital role in making your linguistic apps smart. Every chapter is accompanied by examples of real-world applications to help you build impressive NLP applications of your own. By the end of this NLP book, you’ll be able to work with language data, use machine learning to identify patterns in text, and get acquainted with the advancements in NLP.
Table of Contents (16 chapters)
1
Section 1: Introduction
4
Section 2: Natural Language Representation and Mathematics
9
Section 3: NLP and Learning

Exploring fastText

We discussed and built models based on the Word2Vec approach in Chapter 5, Word Embeddings and Distance Measurements for Text, wherein each word in the vocabulary had a vector representation. Word2Vec relies heavily on the vocabulary it has been trained to represent. Words that occur during inference times, if not present in the vocabulary, will be mapped to a possibly unknown token representation. There can be a lot of unseen words here:

Can we do better than this?

In certain languages, sub-words or internal word representations and structures carry important morphological information:

Can we capture this information?

To answer the preceding code block, yes, we can, and we will use fastText to capture the information contained in the sub-words:

What is fastText and how does it work?

Bojanowski et al., researchers from Facebook, built on top of the Word2Vec Skip-gram model developed by Mikolov et al., which we discussed in Chapter 5, Word Embeddings and Distance Measurements...