In Swift, a tuple is a finite, ordered, comma-separated list of elements. While there are tuples in other languages that I have used, I never really took advantage of them. To be honest, I was only vaguely aware that they actually existed in those other languages. In Swift, tuples are more prominent than they are in other languages, which forced me to take a closer look at them. What I found is that they are extremely useful. In my opinion, tuples are one of the most underutilized types in Swift and, as we go through this book (especially in the case study section), I will point out some cases where the tuple type can be used.

We can create a tuple and access the information within it, as shown in the following example:

let mathGrade1 = ("Jon", 100)  
let (name, score) = mathGrade1  
print("\(name) - \(score)") 

In the previous code, we grouped a String and an Integer into a single tuple type. We then decomposed the tuple using pattern matching, which places the values into the name...