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Deciphering Object-Oriented Programming with C++ [WARNING: NOT FOR USE IN OTHER MATERIAL/SEE CONTRACT]
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Creating a class to encapsulate the details relating to a program error seems like a useful endeavor. In fact, the C++ Standard Library has created one such generic class, exception, to provide the basis for building an entire hierarchy of useful exception classes.
Let’s take a look at the exception class with its Standard Library descendants, and then how we may extend exception with our own classes.
The exception class is defined in the C++ Standard Library and is available merely by including the <exception> header. The exception class includes virtual functions with the following signatures: virtual const char *what() const noexcept and virtual const char *what() const throw(). These signatures indicate that derived classes should redefine what() to return a const char * with a description of the error at hand. The const keyword after what() indicates that these are const member functions; they...