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Mastering Go

Mastering Go - Second Edition

By : Mihalis Tsoukalos
4.1 (33)
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Mastering Go

Mastering Go

4.1 (33)
By: Mihalis Tsoukalos
Buy this Book

Overview of this book

Often referred to (incorrectly) as Golang, Go is the high-performance systems language of the future. Mastering Go, Second Edition helps you become a productive expert Go programmer, building and improving on the groundbreaking first edition. Mastering Go, Second Edition shows how to put Go to work on real production systems. For programmers who already know the Go language basics, this book provides examples, patterns, and clear explanations to help you deeply understand Go’s capabilities and apply them in your programming work. The book covers the nuances of Go, with in-depth guides on types and structures, packages, concurrency, network programming, compiler design, optimization, and more. Each chapter ends with exercises and resources to fully embed your new knowledge. This second edition includes a completely new chapter on machine learning in Go, guiding you from the foundation statistics techniques through simple regression and clustering to classification, neural networks, and anomaly detection. Other chapters are expanded to cover using Go with Docker and Kubernetes, Git, WebAssembly, JSON, and more. If you take the Go programming language seriously, the second edition of this book is an essential guide on expert techniques.
Table of Contents (15 chapters)
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1
Go and the Operating System
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Go and the Operating System
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The history of Go
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Where is Go going?
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The advantages of Go
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Compiling Go code
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Executing Go code
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Two Go rules
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Downloading Go packages
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UNIX stdin, stdout, and stderr
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About printing output
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Using standard output
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Getting user input
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About error output
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Writing to log files
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Error handling in Go
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Using Docker
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Exercises and links
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Summary
2
Understanding Go Internals
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Understanding Go Internals
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The Go compiler
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Garbage collection
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Calling C code from Go
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Calling Go functions from C code
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The defer keyword
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Panic and recover
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Two handy UNIX utilities
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Your Go environment
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The go env command
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The Go assembler
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Node trees
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Finding out more about go build
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Creating WebAssembly code
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General Go coding advice
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Exercises and links
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Summary
3
Working with Basic Go Data Types
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Working with Basic Go Data Types
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Numeric data types
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Go loops
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Go arrays
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Go slices
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Go maps
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Go constants
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Go pointers
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Times and dates
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Measuring execution time
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Web links and exercises
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Summary
4
The Uses of Composite Types
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The Uses of Composite Types
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About composite types
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Structures
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Tuples
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Regular expressions and pattern matching
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Strings
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The switch statement
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Calculating Pi with high accuracy
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Developing a key-value store in Go
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Go and the JSON format
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Go and the YAML format
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Additional resources
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Exercises and web links
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Summary
5
How to Enhance Go Code with Data Structures
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How to Enhance Go Code with Data Structures
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About graphs and nodes
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Algorithm complexity
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Binary trees in Go
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Hash tables in Go
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Linked lists in Go
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Doubly linked lists in Go
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Queues in Go
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Stacks in Go
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The container package
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Generating random numbers
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Generating secure random numbers
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Performing matrix calculations
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Solving Sudoku puzzles
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Additional resources
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Exercises
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Summary
6
What You Might Not Know About Go Packages and Functions
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What You Might Not Know About Go Packages and Functions
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About Go packages
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About Go functions
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Developing your own Go packages
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Go modules
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Creating good Go packages
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The syscall package
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The go/scanner, go/parser, and go/token packages
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Text and HTML templates
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Additional resources
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Exercises
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Summary
7
Reflection and Interfaces for All Seasons
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Reflection and Interfaces for All Seasons
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Type methods
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Go interfaces
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Writing your own interfaces
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Reflection
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Object-oriented programming in Go
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An introduction to git and GitHub
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Debugging with Delve
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Additional resources
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Exercises
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Summary
8
Telling a UNIX System What to Do
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Telling a UNIX System What to Do
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About UNIX processes
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The flag package
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The viper package
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The cobra package
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The io.Reader and io.Writer Interfaces
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The bufio package
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Reading text files
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Reading a specific amount of data
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The advantages of binary formats
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Reading CSV files
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Writing to a file
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Loading and saving data on disk
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The strings package revisited
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About the bytes package
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File permissions
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Handling UNIX signals
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Programming UNIX pipes in Go
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About syscall.PtraceRegs
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Tracing system calls
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User ID and group ID
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The Docker API and Go
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Additional resources
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Exercises
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Summary
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Concurrency in Go – Goroutines, Channels, and Pipelines
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Concurrency in Go – Goroutines, Channels, and Pipelines
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About processes, threads, and goroutines
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Goroutines
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Waiting for your goroutines to finish
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Channels
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Pipelines
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Race conditions
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Comparing Go and Rust concurrency models
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Comparing Go and Erlang concurrency models
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Additional resources
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Exercises
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Summary
10
Concurrency in Go – Advanced Topics
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Concurrency in Go – Advanced Topics
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The Go scheduler revisited
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The select keyword
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Timing out a goroutine
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Go channels revisited
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Shared memory and shared variables
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Revisiting the go statement
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Catching race conditions
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The context package
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Additional resources
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Exercises
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Summary
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Code Testing, Optimization, and Profiling
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Code Testing, Optimization, and Profiling
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About optimization
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Optimizing Go code
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Profiling Go code
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The go tool trace utility
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Testing Go code
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Testing an HTTP server with a database backend
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Benchmarking Go code
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A simple benchmarking example
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Benchmarking buffered writing
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Finding unreachable Go code
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Cross-compilation
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Creating example functions
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From Go code to machine code
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Generating documentation
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Using Docker images
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Additional resources
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Exercises
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Summary
12
The Foundations of Network Programming in Go
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The Foundations of Network Programming in Go
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About net/http, net, and http.RoundTripper
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About TCP/IP
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About IPv4 and IPv6
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The nc(1) command-line utility
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Reading the configuration of network interfaces
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Performing DNS lookups
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Creating a web server in Go
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HTTP tracing
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Creating a web client in Go
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Timing out HTTP connections
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The Wireshark and tshark tools
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gRPC and Go
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Additional resources
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Exercises
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Summary
13
Network Programming – Building Your Own Servers and Clients
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Network Programming – Building Your Own Servers and Clients
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Working with HTTPS traffic
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The net standard Go package
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A TCP client
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A TCP server
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A UDP client
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Developing a UDP server
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A concurrent TCP server
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Creating a Docker image for a Go TCP/IP server
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Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
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Doing low-level network programming
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Additional resources
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Exercises
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Summary
14
Machine Learning in Go
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Machine Learning in Go
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Calculating simple statistical properties
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Regression
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Classification
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Clustering
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Anomaly detection
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Neural networks
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Outlier analysis
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Working with TensorFlow
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Talking to Kafka
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Additional resources
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Exercises
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Summary
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Where to go next?
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Other Books You May Enjoy
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Other Books You May Enjoy
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A Quick Introduction to Go

Despite its name, this chapter is more than just a quick introduction to Go, as it is also going to be the foundation for the rest of the book. The basics of Go, some design decisions, and the philosophy of Go are explained in this chapter so that you can get the big picture before learning the details of Go. Among other things, we present the advantages and disadvantages of Go so that you know when to use Go and when to consider other alternatives.

In the sections that follow, we cover a number of concepts and utilities in order to build a solid foundation of Go, before building a simplified version of the which(1) utility, which is a UNIX utility that locates program files by searching the directories of the PATH environment variable. Additionally, we explain how to write information in log files, as this can help you store error messages and warnings while you are developing software in Go.

At the end of the chapter, we develop a basic command line utility that computes basic statistical properties. It is that command line utility that we are going to improve and expand in the remaining book chapters as we learn more advanced Go features.

The contents of this chapter are:

  • Introducing Go
  • When to use Go
  • Hello World!
  • Running Go code
  • What you should know about G
  • Developing the which(1) utility in Go
  • Logging information
  • Developing a statistics application
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