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Mastering Go - Second Edition

By : Mihalis Tsoukalos

4.1 (33)

Mastering Go

4.1 (33)

By: Mihalis Tsoukalos

Overview of this book

Often referred to (incorrectly) as Golang, Go is the high-performance systems language of the future. Mastering Go, Second Edition helps you become a productive expert Go programmer, building and improving on the groundbreaking first edition. Mastering Go, Second Edition shows how to put Go to work on real production systems. For programmers who already know the Go language basics, this book provides examples, patterns, and clear explanations to help you deeply understand Go’s capabilities and apply them in your programming work. The book covers the nuances of Go, with in-depth guides on types and structures, packages, concurrency, network programming, compiler design, optimization, and more. Each chapter ends with exercises and resources to fully embed your new knowledge. This second edition includes a completely new chapter on machine learning in Go, guiding you from the foundation statistics techniques through simple regression and clustering to classification, neural networks, and anomaly detection. Other chapters are expanded to cover using Go with Docker and Kubernetes, Git, WebAssembly, JSON, and more. If you take the Go programming language seriously, the second edition of this book is an essential guide on expert techniques.

Free Chapter

Go and the Operating System

Go and the Operating System

The history of Go

Where is Go going?

The advantages of Go

Compiling Go code

Executing Go code

Two Go rules

Downloading Go packages

UNIX stdin, stdout, and stderr

About printing output

Using standard output

Getting user input

About error output

Writing to log files

Error handling in Go

Using Docker

Exercises and links

Summary

Understanding Go Internals

Understanding Go Internals

The Go compiler

Garbage collection

Calling C code from Go

Calling Go functions from C code

The defer keyword

Panic and recover

Two handy UNIX utilities

Your Go environment

The go env command

The Go assembler

Node trees

Finding out more about go build

Creating WebAssembly code

General Go coding advice

Exercises and links

Summary

Working with Basic Go Data Types

Working with Basic Go Data Types

Numeric data types

Go loops

Go arrays

Go slices

Go maps

Go constants

Go pointers

Times and dates

Measuring execution time

Web links and exercises

Summary

The Uses of Composite Types

The Uses of Composite Types

About composite types

Structures

Tuples

Regular expressions and pattern matching

Strings

The switch statement

Calculating Pi with high accuracy

Developing a key-value store in Go

Go and the JSON format

Go and the YAML format

Additional resources

Exercises and web links

Summary

How to Enhance Go Code with Data Structures

How to Enhance Go Code with Data Structures

About graphs and nodes

Algorithm complexity

Binary trees in Go

Hash tables in Go

Linked lists in Go

Doubly linked lists in Go

Queues in Go

Stacks in Go

The container package

Generating random numbers

Generating secure random numbers

Performing matrix calculations

Solving Sudoku puzzles

Additional resources

Exercises

Summary

What You Might Not Know About Go Packages and Functions

What You Might Not Know About Go Packages and Functions

About Go packages

About Go functions

Developing your own Go packages

Go modules

Creating good Go packages

The syscall package

The go/scanner, go/parser, and go/token packages

Text and HTML templates

Additional resources

Exercises

Summary

Reflection and Interfaces for All Seasons

Reflection and Interfaces for All Seasons

Type methods

Go interfaces

Writing your own interfaces

Reflection

Object-oriented programming in Go

An introduction to git and GitHub

Debugging with Delve

Additional resources

Exercises

Summary

Telling a UNIX System What to Do

Telling a UNIX System What to Do

About UNIX processes

The flag package

The viper package

The cobra package

The io.Reader and io.Writer Interfaces

The bufio package

Reading text files

Reading a specific amount of data

The advantages of binary formats

Reading CSV files

Writing to a file

Loading and saving data on disk

The strings package revisited

About the bytes package

File permissions

Handling UNIX signals

Programming UNIX pipes in Go

About syscall.PtraceRegs

Tracing system calls

User ID and group ID

The Docker API and Go

Additional resources

Exercises

Summary

Concurrency in Go – Goroutines, Channels, and Pipelines

Concurrency in Go – Goroutines, Channels, and Pipelines

About processes, threads, and goroutines

Goroutines

Waiting for your goroutines to finish

Channels

Pipelines

Race conditions

Comparing Go and Rust concurrency models

Comparing Go and Erlang concurrency models

Additional resources

Exercises

Summary

Concurrency in Go – Advanced Topics

Concurrency in Go – Advanced Topics

The Go scheduler revisited

The select keyword

Timing out a goroutine

Go channels revisited

Shared memory and shared variables

Revisiting the go statement

Catching race conditions

The context package

Additional resources

Exercises

Summary

Code Testing, Optimization, and Profiling

Code Testing, Optimization, and Profiling

About optimization

Optimizing Go code

Profiling Go code

The go tool trace utility

Testing Go code

Testing an HTTP server with a database backend

Benchmarking Go code

A simple benchmarking example

Benchmarking buffered writing

Finding unreachable Go code

Cross-compilation

Creating example functions

From Go code to machine code

Generating documentation

Using Docker images

Additional resources

Exercises

Summary

The Foundations of Network Programming in Go

The Foundations of Network Programming in Go

About net/http, net, and http.RoundTripper

About TCP/IP

About IPv4 and IPv6

The nc(1) command-line utility

Reading the configuration of network interfaces

Performing DNS lookups

Creating a web server in Go

HTTP tracing

Creating a web client in Go

Timing out HTTP connections

The Wireshark and tshark tools

gRPC and Go

Additional resources

Exercises

Summary

Network Programming – Building Your Own Servers and Clients

Network Programming – Building Your Own Servers and Clients

Working with HTTPS traffic

The net standard Go package

A TCP client

A TCP server

A UDP client

Developing a UDP server

A concurrent TCP server

Creating a Docker image for a Go TCP/IP server

Remote Procedure Call (RPC)

Doing low-level network programming

Additional resources

Exercises

Summary

Machine Learning in Go

Machine Learning in Go

Calculating simple statistical properties

Regression

Classification

Clustering

Anomaly detection

Neural networks

Outlier analysis

Working with TensorFlow

Talking to Kafka

Additional resources

Exercises

Summary

Where to go next?

Other Books You May Enjoy

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A concurrent TCP server

In this section, you will learn how to develop a concurrent TCP server using goroutines. For each incoming connection to the TCP server, the program will start a new goroutine to handle that request. This allows it to accept more requests, which means that a concurrent TCP server can serve multiple clients simultaneously.

The job of the TCP concurrent server is to accept a positive integer and return a natural number from the Fibonacci sequence. If there is an error in the input, the return value will be -1. As the calculation of numbers in the Fibonacci sequence can be slow, we are going to use an algorithm that was first presented in Chapter 11, Code Testing, Optimization, and Profiling, and was included in benchmarkMe.go. Additionally, this time, the algorithm used will be explained a little more.

The name of the program is fiboTCP.go, and its code is...

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