Book Image

Getting Started with V Programming

By : Navule Pavan Kumar Rao
4 (1)
Book Image

Getting Started with V Programming

4 (1)
By: Navule Pavan Kumar Rao

Overview of this book

A new language on the block, V comes with a promising set of features such as fast compilation and interoperability with other programming languages. This is the first book on the V programming language, packed with concise information and a walkthrough of all the features you need to know to get started with the language. The book begins by covering the fundamentals to help you learn about the basic features of V and the suite of built-in libraries available within the V ecosystem. You'll become familiar with primitive data types, declaring variables, arrays, and maps. In addition to basic programming, you'll develop a solid understanding of the building blocks of programming, including functions, structs, and modules in the V programming language. As you advance through the chapters, you'll learn how to implement concurrency in V Programming, and finally learn how to write test cases for functions. This book takes you through an end-to-end project that will guide you to build fast and maintainable RESTful microservices by leveraging the power of V and its built-in libraries. By the end of this V programming book, you'll be well-versed with the V programming language and be able to start writing your own programs and applications.

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Getting Started with V Programming
Navule Pavan Kumar Rao
Dec, 2021 | 408 pages
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Table of Contents (19 chapters)
Preface
Preface
Who this book is for
What this book covers
To get the most out of this book
Download the example code files
Download the color images
Conventions used
Get in touch
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1
Section 1: Introduction to the V Programming Language
Section 1: Introduction to the V Programming Language
Free Chapter
2
Chapter 1: Introduction to V Programming
Chapter 1: Introduction to V Programming
The past, present, and future of V
V is a statically typed and compiled programming language
Simple and maintainable syntax
Backward compatibility, stability, and easy to upgrade to future versions
Features of V programming
V as a framework
Operating systems V supports
Summary
3
Chapter 2: Installing V Programming
Chapter 2: Installing V Programming
Technical requirements
Installing V on the Windows OS
Adding V to the environment variables in the Windows OS
Accessing V programming using a REPL
Installing V on the Linux OS (Ubuntu)
Summary
4
Section 2: Basics of V Programming
Section 2: Basics of V Programming
5
Chapter 3: Variables, Constants, and Code Comments
Chapter 3: Variables, Constants, and Code Comments
Technical requirements
Understanding variables in V
Working with constants in V
Variables versus constants
Adding code comments in V
Summary
6
Chapter 4: Primitive Data Types
Chapter 4: Primitive Data Types
Technical requirements
Introducing primitive data types
The Boolean data type
Numeric data types
Operations on numeric data types
The string data type
The rune data type
Operations on the string data type
Summary
7
Chapter 5: Arrays and Maps
Chapter 5: Arrays and Maps
Technical references
Arrays
Maps
Summary
8
Chapter 6: Conditionals and Iterative Statements
Chapter 6: Conditionals and Iterative Statements
Technical requirements
Conditional blocks
Iterative statements
Summary
9
Chapter 7: Functions
Chapter 7: Functions
Technical requirements
Introducing functions
Understanding function types
Understanding function features
Summary
10
Chapter 8: Structs
Chapter 8: Structs
Technical requirements
Introducing structs
Updating the fields of a struct
Approaches to defining struct fields
Defining methods for a struct
Adding a struct as a field inside another struct
Structs as trailing literal arguments to a function
Summary
11
Chapter 9: Modules
Chapter 9: Modules
Technical requirements
Introducing modules
Working with modules
Summary
12
Section 3: Advanced Concepts in V Programming
Section 3: Advanced Concepts in V Programming
13
Chapter 10: Concurrency
Chapter 10: Concurrency
Technical requirements
Introducing concurrency
Understanding parallelism
Learning the basic terminology
Getting started with concurrency
Implementing concurrency in V
Spawning a void function to run concurrently
Implementing a real-life concurrency scenario programmatically
Learning different approaches to implement concurrent programs
Sharing data between the main thread and concurrent tasks
Summary
14
Chapter 11: Channels – An Advanced Concurrency Pattern
Chapter 11: Channels – An Advanced Concurrency Pattern
Technical requirements
Syntax to define a channel
Channel operations
Channel properties
Channel methods
Working with unbuffered channels
Working with buffered channels
Channel select
Summary
15
Chapter 12: Testing
Chapter 12: Testing
Technical requirements
Introduction to tests in V
Understanding testsuite functions
The AAA pattern of writing tests
Writing tests for functions with optional return types
Approaches to writing and running tests
Summary
16
Chapter 13: Introduction to JSON and ORM
Chapter 13: Introduction to JSON and ORM
Technical requirements
Getting started with JSON
Learning ORM
Summary
17
Chapter 14: Building a Microservice
Chapter 14: Building a Microservice
Technical requirements
Introducing vweb
Creating a project and organizing files
Setting up the vweb web server
Setting up utility functions and constants for the microservice
Implementing RESTful endpoints
Implementing an endpoint to create a note using HTTP verb POST
Implementing an endpoint to retrieve a note by id using HTTP verb GET
Implementing an endpoint to retrieve all notes using HTTP verb GET
Implementing an endpoint to update a note using HTTP verb PUT
Implementing an endpoint to delete a note using the HTTP verb DELETE
Querying REST endpoints using Postman
Summary
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18
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V is a statically typed and compiled programming language

A programming language is designed to have certain typing and execution phenomena. Typing could refer to either statically typed or dynamically typed, while the execution phenomena could be referred to as compiled or interpreted. Let's look at these terms in more detail.

Statically typed versus dynamically typed

A programming language is referred to as statically typed when the type checking of the variables happens during compile time instead of runtime.

In a dynamically typed programming language, the types are determined during runtime based on the values assigned to the variables. The advantage of dynamically typed programming languages is that the programmers do not have to explicitly mention the type of variables while they code. This capability eases and speeds up development times.

Compiled versus interpreted languages

A programming language is said to be compiled when the code is directly translated into machine code or byte code. This phenomenon makes the resulting program run significantly faster in contrast to interpreted languages. V compiles ~1 million lines of code (LOCs) per CPU per second.

On the other hand, the term interpreted refers to programming languages where the interpreter runs the program by executing the commands line by line. And this phenomenon makes interpreted languages significantly slower than compiled languages.

The V programming language is a statically typed compiled programming language. So, the type checking in V happens during compile time itself. Also, when you build a V program, it generates an executable file as output that contains all the instructions written in the program translated into machine code.

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