Conventions used

There are a number of text conventions used throughout this book.

Code in text: Indicates code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles. Here is an example: “The process.nextTick() callback is executed after the current phase of the event loop is complete but before the event loop moves on to the next phase.”

A block of code is set as follows:

  const name = data.toString().trim().toUpperCase();
  process.stdout.write(`Hello ${name}!`);

When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:

const fs = require('node:fs');
const rs = fs.createReadStream('./file.txt');
const newFile = fs.createWriteStream('./newFile.txt');
rs.map((chunk) => chunk.toString().toUpperCase()).pipe(newFile);

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

$ mkdir interfacing-with-io
$ cd interfacing-with-io
$ touch greeting.js

Bold: Indicates a new term, an important word, or words that you see onscreen. For example, words in menus or dialog boxes appear in the text like this. Here is an example: “First, we need to locate and click on File system in the left-hand navigation pane.”

Tips or important notes

Appear like this.