Book Image

OCA Oracle Database 11g: SQL Fundamentals I: A Real World Certification Guide ( 1ZO-051 )

By : Steve Ries
Book Image

OCA Oracle Database 11g: SQL Fundamentals I: A Real World Certification Guide ( 1ZO-051 )

By: Steve Ries

Overview of this book

<p>The Oracle Database 11g: SQL Fundamentals I exam is the first stepping stone in getting the Oracle Certified Associate Certification for Oracle Database 11g. The SQL programming language is used in every major relational database today and understanding the real world application of it is the key to becoming a successful DBA.<br /><br />This book gives you: the essential real world skills to master relational data manipulation with Oracle SQL and prepares you to become an Oracle Certified Associate. Beginners are introduced to concepts in a logical manner while practitioners can use it as a reference to jump to relevant concepts directly.<br /><br />We begin with the essentials of why databases are important in today's information technology world and how they work.<br /><br />We continue by explaining the concepts of querying and modifying data in Oracle using a range of techniques, including data projection, selection, creation, joins, sub-queries and functions. Finally, we learn to create and manipulate database objects and to use them in the same way as today's expert SQL programmers.<br /><br />This book prepares you to master the fundamentals of the SQL programming language using an example-driven method that is easy to understand<br /><br />This definitive certification guide provides a disciplined approach to be adopted for successfully clearing the 1Z0-051 SQL Fundamentals I exam, which is the first stepping stone towards attaining the OCA on Oracle Database 11g certification.<br /><br />Each chapter contains ample practice questions at the end. A full-blown mock test is included for practice so you can test your knowledge and get a feel for the actual exam.</p>
Table of Contents (20 chapters)
OCA Oracle Database 11g: SQL Fundamentals I: A Real-World Certification Guide
Credits
About the Author
About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
Preface
Index

Examining functions that execute conditional retrieval


Within Oracle, we have another set of functions at our disposal that doesn't easily fit into the categories that we've seen thus far. These functions all address, to some degree, the need for if...then logic within SQL. The first two of these functions provide special ways in dealing with NULL values.

NVL()

The NULL value is an essential part of SQL. Without it, we would have no way to express the lack of a value within a row. Still, NULL values can present problems, particularly when attempting to use them with arithmetic expressions. For instance, recall an example from Chapter 2, SQL SELECT Statments, where we introduced the topic of nulls. In it, we attempted to divide the number 100 by a NULL. The result was another NULL value. Most often, NULL values create problems when they are not expected. For instance, say we want to create a small report that lists the website description for each employee website and its associated blog_id...