Book Image

Synthetic Data for Machine Learning

By : Abdulrahman Kerim
Book Image

Synthetic Data for Machine Learning

By: Abdulrahman Kerim

Overview of this book

The machine learning (ML) revolution has made our world unimaginable without its products and services. However, training ML models requires vast datasets, which entails a process plagued by high costs, errors, and privacy concerns associated with collecting and annotating real data. Synthetic data emerges as a promising solution to all these challenges. This book is designed to bridge theory and practice of using synthetic data, offering invaluable support for your ML journey. Synthetic Data for Machine Learning empowers you to tackle real data issues, enhance your ML models' performance, and gain a deep understanding of synthetic data generation. You’ll explore the strengths and weaknesses of various approaches, gaining practical knowledge with hands-on examples of modern methods, including Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and diffusion models. Additionally, you’ll uncover the secrets and best practices to harness the full potential of synthetic data. By the end of this book, you’ll have mastered synthetic data and positioned yourself as a market leader, ready for more advanced, cost-effective, and higher-quality data sources, setting you ahead of your peers in the next generation of ML.
Table of Contents (25 chapters)
1
Part 1:Real Data Issues, Limitations, and Challenges
5
Part 2:An Overview of Synthetic Data for Machine Learning
8
Part 3:Synthetic Data Generation Approaches
13
Part 4:Case Studies and Best Practices
18
Part 5:Current Challenges and Future Perspectives

Photorealism evaluation metrics

One of the main issues within this subject matter is quantitatively assessing the photorealism of the generated synthetic images. In this section, we will explore the main metrics usually used. We will explore the following:

  • Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM)
  • Learned Perceptual Image Patch Similarity (LPIPS)
  • Expert evaluation

Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM)

SSIM is one of the most widely used metrics to measure the structural similarity between two images. It was first introduced in the paper titled Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1284395). The SSIM metric does not compare individual pixels of the two images. However, it considers a group of pixels assuming that spatially close pixels have inter-dependencies. These dependencies can be linked to the actual structure of objects that were captured and presented by the given images...